The Peloponnesian War Athens and Their Allies Vs. Sparta and Their Allies

Learning Goals The students will understand how the differences between Sparta and Athens eventually lead to the downfall of them both. The students will understand how the differences between Sparta and Athens eventually lead to the downfall of them both. The students will learn what Pericles did for Athens. The students will learn what Pericles did for Athens. The students will understand why certain groups band together and become allies. The students will understand why certain groups band together and become allies. The students will know what effect Socrates had on Greece and the future. The students will know what effect Socrates had on Greece and the future.

Hellenic League Most all Greek City States, including Athens. Most all Greek City States, including Athens. All against Persia. Just in case they return, but let’s also take the war to them, and retake the Greek City States around the Aegean Sea. All against Persia. Just in case they return, but let’s also take the war to them, and retake the Greek City States around the Aegean Sea. Once an Athenian took over the lead of this league, Sparta and its allies left. Once an Athenian took over the lead of this league, Sparta and its allies left. They decided to reform the old Peloponnesian League. They decided to reform the old Peloponnesian League. The Hellenic League became the Delian League (Headquarters the on island of Delos). The Hellenic League became the Delian League (Headquarters the on island of Delos).

Choosing Sides If I gave you two people, and told you to choose a side, how would you choose? If I gave you two people, and told you to choose a side, how would you choose? Is it possible that you might ever unite? Is it possible that you might ever unite?

Delian League All allies of Athens All allies of Athens Democratic Governments and Trade economies Democratic Governments and Trade economies Navy supplied and run by Athens Navy supplied and run by Athens Others paid a fee Others paid a fee Could not leave the league unless dismissed. Could not leave the league unless dismissed. PeloponnesianLeague All allies of Sparta All allies of Sparta Oligarchies and Agrarian (farming) Economies Oligarchies and Agrarian (farming) Economies Had the stronger Army Had the stronger Army Voluntary to be a part of this league Voluntary to be a part of this league

Pericles He was the leader of Athens during its “GOLDEN AGE” in which the Athens formed the DELIAN LEAGUE =city- states give Athens money to be ready for future Persian invasions. Under his rule of 40 years he: He was the leader of Athens during its “GOLDEN AGE” in which the Athens formed the DELIAN LEAGUE =city- states give Athens money to be ready for future Persian invasions. Under his rule of 40 years he: 1. Rebuilds temples destroyed by the Persians including the Parthenon 2. Built the Long Walls connecting Athens to the sea for defense 3. Had art, philosophy, and literature grow 4. Led Athens in the Peloponnesian War Video Review Video Review Video Review Video Review

The Peloponnesian War

Peloponnesian War Pericles builds the walls to Piraeus. Pericles builds the walls to Piraeus.

Peloponnesian War Athens forbade a Spartan ally to trade. Athens forbade a Spartan ally to trade. Athenians attacked Spartan ally around 433 BCE. Athenians attacked Spartan ally around 433 BCE. Athenians attacked Spartan ally around 433 BCE. Athenians attacked Spartan ally around 433 BCE. LET’S GET IT ON!!!! LET’S GET IT ON!!!! Pericles advised Athenians to lock themselves in his new walls, hoping Sparta would get tired after a few years. Pericles advised Athenians to lock themselves in his new walls, hoping Sparta would get tired after a few years.

Peloponnesian War Pericles Gamble Pericles Gamble Athenians did not want to hide. PRIDE!!! Athenians did not want to hide. PRIDE!!! Plague struck. Lasted 4 years. Killed 1/4-1/3 of all Athenians. Plague struck. Lasted 4 years. Killed 1/4-1/3 of all Athenians. Athenians came out to fight. Athenians came out to fight. Both won and lost battles. Both won and lost battles. Peace treaty in 421, but did not last long. Athens just bought time to regroup. Peace treaty in 421, but did not last long. Athens just bought time to regroup. Spartans eventually won. Spartans eventually won. War ended around 404 BCE. Lasted almost 30 years. War ended around 404 BCE. Lasted almost 30 years.

Peloponnesian War Democracy ended, for now. Democracy ended, for now. Spartans set up an oligarchy of 30 men. Spartans set up an oligarchy of 30 men. Eventually Spartans began to collect money from other city states, but to belong to the Peloponnesian League was supposed to be voluntary. Eventually Spartans began to collect money from other city states, but to belong to the Peloponnesian League was supposed to be voluntary. Both city-states were weakened by the war. Both city-states were weakened by the war.

The Fall of Sparta Spartans attacked Thebes. Spartans attacked Thebes. Thebans defeated the Spartans Thebans defeated the Spartans Few Greeks were willing to fight for the survival of the Peloponnesian League. Few Greeks were willing to fight for the survival of the Peloponnesian League. It disintegrated in the following years and was dismantled in 365. It disintegrated in the following years and was dismantled in 365. Sparta was no longer a power as it once was. Sparta was no longer a power as it once was. Democracy, but not power, returned to Athens. Democracy, but not power, returned to Athens.

Review At its height the Delian League numbered some two hundred members which met annually on Delos. Athens was its undisputed leader and gradually used the alliance as a springboard for its own imperial ambitions. By 454, when the League's treasury was transferred to Athens and used to fund monuments of imperial splendor such as the Parthenon, it had become an empire in all but name. Five years later a permanent peace was made with the Persians and its very reason for existing was no longer valid. At its height the Delian League numbered some two hundred members which met annually on Delos. Athens was its undisputed leader and gradually used the alliance as a springboard for its own imperial ambitions. By 454, when the League's treasury was transferred to Athens and used to fund monuments of imperial splendor such as the Parthenon, it had become an empire in all but name. Five years later a permanent peace was made with the Persians and its very reason for existing was no longer valid. The League and the power it gave Athens over the rest of Greece were to become one of the major reasons for the Peloponnesian War against Sparta and its allies. The League and the power it gave Athens over the rest of Greece were to become one of the major reasons for the Peloponnesian War against Sparta and its allies.

As the Athenians try to expand their trade and empire they come into conflict with an ally of Sparta leading to the Peloponnesian War. Sparta only wins the war after over 30 years of fighting by getting the Persians to give them a fleet. The Athenians lose power as the most powerful city- state. Sparta will not rule long after the war as the city-state of Thebes will take power from the Spartans. Review Peloponnesian War in Song

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Learning Goals The students will understand how the differences between Sparta and Athens eventually lead to the downfall of them both. The students will understand how the differences between Sparta and Athens eventually lead to the downfall of them both. The students will learn what Pericles did for Athens. The students will learn what Pericles did for Athens. The students will understand why certain groups band together and become allies. The students will understand why certain groups band together and become allies.

Big Quarterly Question How did the Athenians react to the teachings of Socrates? How did the Athenians react to the teachings of Socrates? They thought his ideas were dangerous. They thought his ideas were dangerous.