the world’s largest desert
Sahara
the division of jobs and skills in a society
labor specialization
Gold and ____ became valuable trading goods in West Africa.
salt
Which religion did merchants bring to Ghana?
Islam
oral historians and professional story tellers
griots
Which leader brought Islamic scholarship and law to Songhai?
Askia Muhammad
to exchange one good for another
barter system
a religious journey to the holy city of Mecca
pilgrimage
a large group of traveling Berbers and animals
caravan
raised flat region
plateau
Africa’s four main vegetation zones are the Mediterranean, desert, ______ and savanna.
rain forest
a broad grassland with scattered trees
savanna
What did traders use instead of horses to cross the Sahara?
camels
families of people related by blood or marriage
clan
trade across the Sahara
Trans-Saharan
Why were slaves considered valuable in Ghana?
they were traded for other goods
How did Ghana’s rulers become rich?
they controlled the gold and salt routes
An over dependence on trade, ___ and _____ caused Ghana to decline.
overpopulation and food shortage
Which type of government existed in African civilizations?
monarchy
What interrupted Ghana’s trade and weakened the monarchy?
Invaders
Which empire took over the territory of Ghana?
Mali
Which empire conquered Mali?
Songhai
Which empire conquered Songhai?
Moroccans
A government ruled by a king or queen
monarchy
I am an African king who united the people of Mali
Sundiata
a center for Islamic study and learning
Timbuktu
How did religion spread throughout Africa?
Merchants spread their religion
I took the title sunni and my name means Ali the Great
Sunni Ali
the holy book of Islam
Quran
Name three of the five African trading empires
Ghana Mali Songhai Axum Zimbabwe
The ___ conquered the Songhai empire.
Moroccans
Which religion was practiced in Axum?
Christianity
a person’s social class
caste
connection based on family relationships
kinship
a group of people descended from a common ancestor
lineage
shared culture, language and identity
ethnic group
wise sayings
proverbs
the spread of cultural beliefs and ideas from one group to another
cultural diffusion
How did Mansa Musa pilgrimage change the society?
Musa passed out so much gold that the price of gold fell
Which two goods were most important to early trading empires?
Gold and Salt
How did Askia Muhammad contribute to the expansion of education?
Askia Muhammad made Timbuktu a learning center and also set up schools and universities
Mansa Musa handed out gold as he made his pilgrimage to _______.
Makkah
As a leader, I took over Songhai and ordered local courts to follow Muslim laws. I also helped Timbuktu become an important center for Islamic learning.
Askia Muhammad
Give three examples of cultural diffusion in Africa.
Africans adopted Islamic laws, ideas, architecture, and religion.
Why was this city important to Mansa Musa?
All Muslims are expected to travel to Makkah at least once in their lifetime.
Learning to make weapons from ____ allowed early Africans an advantage over neighbors.
iron
Rain Forest
Savannah
Desert
Mediterranean
The Journey of Mansa Musa