IRRIGATION ISSUES AND WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT OAS - Water Policy in the Americas Roundtable July 20, 2000 Jose Simas.

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Presentation transcript:

IRRIGATION ISSUES AND WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT OAS - Water Policy in the Americas Roundtable July 20, 2000 Jose Simas

CHALLENGES OF THE MILLENIUM AND DRIVING FORCES PROMOTING GLOBAL CHANGES, WITH IMPLICATIONS ON WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT POLICIES

WATER USE PER ECONOMIC SECTOR

LATIN AMERICA: IRRIGATED AREAS

LAC: CATEGORIES OF IRRIGATION SYSTEMS MAJOR NETWORKS (IRRIGATION DISTRICTS)48% SMALL IRRIGATION52%

LAC: CATEGORIES OF IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT RICE FLOODING IN TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL AREAS16% ARID ZONES IRRIGATION56% COMPLEMENTARY IRRIGATION28%

MAIN IRRIGATION ISSUES TO ADDRESS INSTITUTIONAL TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL PRIORITIES

IRRIGATION INSTITUTIONAL ISSUES Land titling/ownership Users’ empowerment on management Water rights Incentives to save water Users’ organizations Transfer of A, O&M to users’ organizations Cost effectiveness of O&M Sustainable fees

IRRIGATION TECHNOLOGICAL ISSUES On-farm management Off-farm management Appropriate technology Adaptive research Training and capacity building Cost-effective practices O&M machinery mix Drainage and salinity Modernization

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES SALINITY WATERLOGGING OVERDRAFT OF AQUIFERS DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS EFFLUENTS USE OF CHEMICALS IN AGRICULTURE

PRIORITIES “FIRST THINGS FIRST” SUSTAINABLE O&M GOVERNMENT ROLE STAKEHOLDERS’ EMPOWERMENT MODERNIZATION PROFITABILITY WATER AND LAND RIGHTS INCENTIVES TO SAVE WATER

KEY ROLES AND FUNCTIONS FOR THE SUSTAINABILITY OF WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING - Functions 1. POLICY FORMULATION AND OVERVIEW 2. STRATEGIC WATER PLANNING 3. DATABASE MANAGEMENT 4. SUPERVISION OF RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT 5. SUPERVISION OF WATER RESOURCES USE (SURFACE AND GROUND WATER) 6. ECONOMIC STUDIES 7. LICENSING NEW PROJECTS 8. ANALYTICAL BASE GATHERING éCLIMATE éHYDROMETRIC MEASUREMENTS éGROUNDWATER éWATER QUALITY 9. SUPERVISION OF USES éSURFACE WATER éGROUNDWATER éBULK WATER FEES éDISPOSAL FEES 10. INFORMATION DISSEMINATION

WATER SERVICES - Functions REGULATORY PUBLIC SUPERVISION/ REGULATORY ENFORCEMENT éHYDROPOWER éIRRIGATION éWATER SUPPLY & SANITATION éNAVIGATION éFLOOD PROTECTION éLAND USE WATER PROTECTION RELATED éSETTING WATER SERVICE STANDARDS PROVISION OF SERVICES (PUBLIC & PRIVATE) CONSTRUCTION/ OPERATION/MAINTENANCE éHYDROPOWER GENERATION éIRRIGATION éWATER & SANITATION éFLOOD PROTECTION éRURAL DRAINAGE éURBAN/STORM DRAINAGE éRIVER NAVIGATION

WATER ADMINISTRATION (Water Authority) - Functions 1. LEGAL & REGULATORY FUNCTIONS 2. LAW & REGULATIONS ENFORCEMENT 3. CONFLICT RESOLUTION 4. REQUESTS & PERMITS FILING 5. AUTHORIZING/DENYING PERMITS TO: éWITHDRAW WATER éDISPOSE OF EFFLUENTS 6. MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION OF THE REGISTER OF WATER RIGHTS AND USES: ê UPDATING DATABASE ê CONSULTATION ê DISSEMINATION OF USE ê GRANTING RIGHTS 7. GROUNDWATER PERMITS 8. LICENSING, PERMITS, SANCTIONS 9. WATER RIGHTS TRANSFERS & CANCELLATIONS 10. ABSTRACTION & DISPOSAL FEES COLLECTION

ENVIRONMENTAL - Functions êCONSERVANCY êENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION êPROTECTION OF SOURCES êWATERSHED MANAGEMENT & EROSION CONTROL êSETTING WATER-RELATED STANDARDS êMONITORING êDATABASE MANAGEMENT êINFORMATION DISSEMINATION