Lecture 11 Introduction to Information Systems

Lecture 12 Objectives  Describe an information system and explain its components  Describe the characteristics of Business Information Systems  Identify six common business information systems and describe their primary features

Lecture 13  Why do businesses depend on computers more than ever?  Global competition  Intense pressure for quality  Information technology can mean the difference between survival and failure Introduction

Lecture 14  What is required for successful business information systems?  The right hardware and software  A team of talented, motivated people who use information technology to achieve business goals Introduction

Lecture 15 Systems and Procedures  Procedures specify how the work must be done

Lecture 16 Systems and Procedures  Procedures specify how the work must be done  A system is a group of related procedures for a specific business function Click to see Figure

Lecture 17 Systems and Procedures  Procedures specify how the work must be done  A system is a group of related procedures for a specific business function  Data is basic facts that are the system's raw material Click to see Figure

Lecture 18 Systems and Procedures  Procedures specify how work must be done  A system is a group of related procedures for a specific business function  Data is basic facts that are the system's raw material  Processing transforms input into accurate, meaningful business information Click to see Figure

Lecture 19 Information System Components  Hardware  Software  Data  Procedures  People Click to see Figure

Lecture 110  Hardware is the physical layer of the information system Information System Components

Lecture 111  Software  System software controls the hardware and software environment and includes the operating system  Application software consists of programs that that process data to produce information. In-house applications - system developed by the IS department Information System Components Click to see Figure

Lecture 112  Data stored in files and databases is a vital component of every system  Information is either produced directly or derived from data Information System Components Click to see Figure

Lecture 113  Procedures define the tasks that must be performed by users, managers, and IS staff  Described in written documentation manuals and online reference material Information System Components

Lecture 114  People who use the system are called users, or end users, and include employees, customers, vendors, or others who interact with the system Information System Components

Lecture 115 Business Information Systems  Companies are classified based on their main activities:  Production-oriented (industrial) companies that manufacture & sell goods  Service companies that mainly offer information, services, or sell goods made by others  Combined industrial & service companies Click to see Figure

Lecture 116  Governmental organizations - similar to service companies because they provide a wide range of services  Business information system of a company normally consists of a series of subsystems Business Information Systems

Lecture 117 Business Information Systems  4 main characteristics affect a business information system’s complexity  Relationships with other systems  Boundaries  Specialized business needs  Size of the company Click to see Figure

Lecture 118 Types of Information Systems  Operational systems  Management information systems  Decision support systems  Executive information systems  Expert systems  Office systems

Lecture 119 Types of Information Systems  Operational systems process data generated by day-to-day business transactions Click to see Figure

Lecture 120 Types of Information Systems  Management information systems generate timely and accurate information for top, middle, and lower managers  Decision support systems help managers make business decisions by analyzing data and providing a what-if model

Lecture 121  Executive information systems support information requirements of top-level managers who make unstructured decisions  Expert systems simulate human reasoning and decision-making using a knowledge base and inference rules Types of Information Systems

Lecture 122  Office systems are used by knowledge workers  Elements include  Local and wide area networking  Electronic mail, voice mail, and fax  Video conferencing, word processing, automated calendars, electronic filing  Database management, spreadsheets, desktop publishing, presentation graphics  Company intranets, and Internet access throughout the company Types of Information Systems

Lecture 123 End of Lecture 1