Monocots and Eudicots (Dicots) …the most abundant vascular plants

Monocots and Eudicots (Dicots) …the most abundant vascular plants

Classification of Plants Text pg 544 PLANTS Kingdom - Subkingdom - Division Class Order Bryophytes (non-vascular) Mosses, liverworts, hornworts Tracheophytes vascular has xylem and phloem

Tracheophytes – Vascular plants “Roots and Shoots” Above ground = shoots Under ground = roots Three tissue types Dermal tissues Vascular tissues Ground tissues Major organs (non-reproductive) Leaf Stem Root Tracheophytes vascular has xylem and phloem

Tracheophytes – Vascular plants “Roots and Shoots” Above ground = shoots Under ground = roots Three tissue types Dermal tissues Vascular tissues Ground tissues Major organs (non-reproductive) Leaf Stem Root stem dermal tissues vascular tissues leaves Ground tissues root tip root hairs root

Meristemic Tissue – only regions where cells divide repeatedly by mitosis (sites of growth) Description Function apical meristem at root and shoot tips primary growth – increases in LENGTH lateral meristem cylinders of tissue within roots and stems secondary growth – increases in diameter

Dermal – a plants skin (protective) Tissue Description Function Epidermis -outermost cell layer in primary growth regions Produces waxy cuticle – prevents water loss and infection, restricts gas exchange Periderm -outside layer at sites experiencing secondary growth -replaces epidermis -often multiple cell layers Waterproofs roots and stems, protects inner tissues from structural damage

Ground – all the internal nonvascular regions Tissue Description Function Parenchyma Spherical, thin-celled walls with large vacuoles -Storage of nutrients, carbs (sugars and starches) and water -heals wounds, regenerates plant parts Collenchyma Long cells with thickened cell walls -strength -supports primary growth regions -flexibility to withstand wind Sclerenchyma -very thick secondary cell wall of cellulose and lignin -long cells -Strength and rigidity

Vascular – a plant’s circulatory system (transport) Tissue Description Function Xylem -tracheids long, tapered, thick-walled cells with overlapping ends and pits (unthickened areas) on cell walls -vessel elements – short, large diameter thick walled cells with open ends; stacked like barrels to make vessels Transports water and dissolved minerals, usually upward from roots to leaves

Vascular – a plant’s circulatory system (transport) Tissue Description Function Phloem Sieve tube elements – long thin cells with tiny holes at the sloping ends (a sieve), and pits along side alls; no nucleus, ribosomes, Golgi, vacuoles, stacked to form sieve tubes -transports food (sugars etc) from leaves to the plant body Companion cells: direct sieve tubes

Classification of Plants Text pg 544 PLANTS Kingdom - Subkingdom - Division Class Order Bryophytes (non-vascular) Mosses, liverworts, hornworts Tracheophytes vascular has xylem and phloem Lycophytes (club mosses) Spore producing (ferns) Seed producing Gymnosperms (cone bearing) Angiosperms (seed enclosed flowering plants) Dicots Amborellales Eudicotyledons (2/3 of all angiosperms) Monocotyledons (1/4 of all angiosperms) Dicots Nymphaeales Other early angiosperms Dicots Dicots

Comparing Monocots and Eudicots/ Dicots Leaf Venation Actual pictures: http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html

Comparing Monocots and Eudicots/ Dicots Leaf Venation Actual pictures: http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html

Comparing Monocots and Eudicots/ Dicots Leaf Venation Actual pictures: http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html

Comparing Monocots and Eudicots/ Dicots Leaf Venation Actual pictures: http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html

Comparing Monocots and Eudicots/ Dicots Leaf Venation Actual pictures: http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html

Comparing Monocots and Eudicots/ Dicots Leaf Venation Actual pictures: http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html

Comparing Monocots and Eudicots/ Dicots Leaf Venation Actual pictures: http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html

Practice Problems (HomeFUN!) Prep for this unit Questions 1-10 and 12 page 538-539 Section 12.1 Read pages 540-545 Answer 1-4 and 6 Section 13.5 Read pages 605-607 Questions 1,2,4 page 612