Food Security Response Analysis: Definitions, Tools and Potentials Overview FSNWG workshop Nairobi 29 April – May

Contents What is food security response analysis? Value added of food security response analysis? Key response analysis tools.

What is Food Security Response Analysis: Many definitions…… the process by which a set of appropriate actions is identified in an emergency; the link between situational analysis and response; the process of designing the most appropriate response to address needs, while causing the least damage to people’s livelihoods; the analytical process by which the objectives and modality of program response options in an emergency are chosen; selecting the right response to the right problem; the step of analyzing the likely impact of alternative responses. the process by which a range of appropriate and feasible options to address the existing and/or likely food insecurity of target populations is identified;

Added value of response analysis: What everyone agrees upon…. Better needs analysis / situation analysis is a necessary but not sufficient condition for improved response. (for example: capacity, security, budgetary, policy issues are not included in s.a.). Response analysis opens up the “black box” between situation analysis / needs analysis and response planning - more transparency, more accountability. In effect a distinct step in the project or programme cycle. Is a relatively new concept – 2005 onwards.

Response Analysis in the Project / Programme Cycle Response Implementation Monitoring and Evaluation Response Planning Situation Analysis Current + Projected ? who; how deep how wide; when; why; future prospects. Response Analysis

Tools and Approaches for Response Analysis Market Analysis Tools Livelihood-specific tools Nutrition related tools Modality-specific tools Harm or Risk mitigation tools Process-oriented tools – agency specific; multi- agency/cluster. Emerging IPC based approach – Methode to describe

Tools Market analysis tools – focus on gathering and assessing information on markets in order to determine the potential impacts of different response options on market outcomes – e.g. EMMA. Livelihood-specific tools – provide guidelines or analytical approaches for assessing appropriate food security responses to protect livelihoods e.g. LEGS. Nutrition related tools – several response analysis tools have been developed to help guide agencies in choosing specific nutrition approaches and products e.g. WFP and WHO nutrition decision trees.

Tools Modality – specific tools – tools that specifically help to determine the modality of food assistance (these overlap to some degree with market analysis tools) – e.g MIFIRA. Harm or Risk-Mitigation tools – provide specific guidance for identifying and minimising unintended risks or potential harms from programming options – e.g. Do No Harm tool Process – Oriented tools: multi-agency / cluster – aimed at achieving a consensus among a collective of agencies eg cluster or Food Security working group / sector group at sub-national, country or regional levels – e.g FAO Response Analysis Framework.

IPC starting point

Scope of response analysis and areas for expansion Food security response analysis focused on emergency and rehabilitation situations. Scope for greater engagement with non- emergency / underlying causes (e.g. IPC phases 2 and 3, protracted crises, response analysis for resilience). Scope for greater engagement in response analysis for change – where livelihoods are changing / transforming

Discussion Questions? Observations?

Response Analysis Tools

ToolDecision FocusDescription

Response Analysis Tools ToolDecision FocusDescription

Response Analysis Tools ToolDecision FocusDescription

Response Analysis Tools ToolDecision FocusDescription