Lecture 1: Overview of Motor Control. What is Motor Control?

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Anatomy and Physiology for Emergency Care

Advertisements

Map of Essential Concepts Definition and levels of analysis

Sensory neural systems: What does that mean? What does its study entail? The study of sensory system from the perspective of functional acuity and neural.

Chapter 4 Introduction to Cognitive Science

Human (ERP and imaging) and monkey (cell recording) data together 1. Modality specific extrastriate cortex is modulated by attention (V4, IT, MT). 2. V1.

Fundamental Concepts of Motor Development Developmental Systems Theories.

Functional Vision Assessment

Early Motor Development

Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology SIXTH EDITION Chapter 13, part 2 The Spinal.

Copyright © 2006 by Allyn and Bacon Chapter 8 The Sensorimotor System How You Do What You Do This multimedia product and its contents are protected under.

A Summary of the Article “Intelligence Without Representation” by Rodney A. Brooks (1987) Presented by Dain Finn.

Human-machine system.

Chapter 4: Towards a Theory of Intelligence Gert Kootstra.

Theories of Employee Motivation Dionne Roberson Chapter 8.

Chapter 7: Physical Management in the Classroom By: Sarah Daniels.

Structured Vs. Object Oriented Analysis and Design SAD Vs. OOAD

Motor control. Importance of motor control All of the “cognition” that we’re interested in must end in behavior— movement. Brain terrain –Where is it/where.

Nerve Regeneration Overview I Mature neurons do not divide to replace injured cells. If injury occurs close to the cell body or the damage is severe, the.

How do we choose a skill to perform? What decisions do we need to make about performing a skill? Need to decide when to perform the skill Need to decide.

AS Level – Week 21 Theory Module 1 Information Processing Whiting & Welford.

The Nervous System Chapters 39 & 40. Overview Three overlapping functions: sensory input, integration, and motor output Sensory input – the conduction.

Regulation and the Nervous System

PTP 512 Neuroscience in Physical Therapy Motor Control: Issues and Theories Min H. Huang, PT, PhD, NCS.

The Human Body: An Orientation

Reflex Physiology. Reflex Arc The reflex arc governs the operation of reflexes. Nerve impulses follow nerve pathways as they travel through the nervous.

Chapter 1 Fundamental Concepts. Characteristics of Motor Development Change in movement behavior Continuous Age-related Sequential Underlying process(es)

Motor control, motor Learning and recovery of function

Processing of Information and Performance of Experts.

Infancy and Childhood Chapter 3.

$100 $400 $300$200$400 $200$100$100$400 $200$200$500 $500$300 $200$500 $100$300$100$300 $500$300$400$400$500.

Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology SIXTH EDITION Frederic H. Martini PowerPoint.

Biological and Social Motives

Sensorimotor systems Chapters 8.

2.2 THE NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Pathways for Motor Control and Learning. Spinal Cord: The stretch reflex Maintain stability.

Sensory Integration Dysfunction Mazyad Alotaibi. Sensory Integration: The Theory Ayres (1972) hypothesized that… – “learning is a function of the brain.

Co-ordination Exercises. Definition: Coordination refers to using the right muscles at the right time with correct intensity. Coordination or fine motor.

Comp 15 - Usability and Human Factors

Introduction to the Motor Systems John H. Martin, Ph.D. Center for Neurobiology and Behavior.

Components of Motor Ability. Motor Ability  Refers to the integration of the central nervous system and the muscular system  It is what determines how.

Chapter 8 Lecture 1 Software Testing. Program testing Testing is intended to show that a program does what it is intended to do and to discover program.

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Reflexes  Automatic responses coordinated within spinal cord  Through.

Sensory Systems Lesson 14. Sensory Information n Detection of changes in environment l external or internal n 4 main functions l perception l control.

What is Learning? Lesson 1. Psychology n Scientific study of behavior and cognitive processes n Behavior l Text: What you do l any event that can be objectively.

Nervous System Reflexes and Action Potential How do cells detect and respond to changes in their internal and external environment to successfully survive.

The Nervous System Miss Charney Northville Central School Miss Charney Northville Central School.

What exactly is balance?. Macpherson et al. (1997) contend that the maintenance of posture is the co-requisite for all coordinated movement, and when.

A system that controls all of the activities of the body. The nervous system is made of: The brainThe spinal cord The nervesThe senses.

LEARNING Learning is any relatively permanent change in behaviour that occurs as a result of experience or reinforcement practice. Learning Means 1. There.

Motor Behavior Chapter 5. Motor Behavior Define motor behavior, motor development, motor control, and motor learning. What is the influence of readiness,

Chapter 4 Motor Control Theories Concept: Theories about how we control coordinated movement differ in terms of the roles of central and environmental.

 Dev. of motor skill is individual & wide variation occurs within children of the same chronological age;  Psychomotor skills – voluntary actions initiated.

Λ-Model and Equilibrium Point Hypothesis References: 1.Latash M.L., Control of human movement, chapters 1-3, Human kinetics Publishers, Feldman.

Lecture 3: Sensory systems involved in Motor Control.

Day 5.  Skill Related Fitness: is the ability to perform successfully in various games and sports.  Includes: ▪ Agility ▪ Balance ▪ Coordination ▪ Power.

Chapter 9 Skill Acquisition, Retention, and Transfer

Chapter 5 Motor Programs 5 Motor Programs C H A P T E R.

Movement Production and Motor Programs

Chapter 19: Motor Development PED 383: Adapted Physical Education Dr. Johnson.

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Carl P. Gabbard PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation revised by Alberto Cordova,

Getting Started Chapter 1. Objectives Understand the definition of skill Explain the relationship between motor performance and motor learning Discuss.

Constructivism is a theory based on observation and scientific study about how people learn. It is a teaching philosophy based on the concept that learning.

Introduction to Motor Learning and Control

Architecture Concept Documents

Early Motor Development

Bioagents and Biorobots David Kadleček, Michal Petrus, Pavel Nahodil

Motor control, motor Learning and recovery of function

The Motor Systems.

Sensory Systems Lecture 12.

NORMAL MOTOR DEVELOPMENT

Presentation transcript:

Lecture 1: Overview of Motor Control

What is Motor Control?

The big picture...

Motor Behavior n An area of study stressing primarily the principles of human skilled movement generated at a behavioral level of analysis.

Motor Behavior: n Action n Perception n Cognition n Interaction of individual, task and environment.

Motor Control n An area of study dealing with the understanding of the neural, physiological and behavioral aspects of movements.

Two main aspects of motor control: n Stabilizing the body in space, postural and balance control. n Moving the body in space, movement.

Motor Learning n A set of internal processes associated with practice or experience leading to relatively permanent changes in the capability of motor skill.

Motor Development n A field of study concerning the changes in motor bahavior occuring as a result of growth, maturation and experience.

Individual Task Environment Motor control

Why should we study motor control? n Improving movement capability following injury to guide clinical intervention. n Improving motor performance. n Generating and building theory.

Theory vs. Model in Motor Control n A theory of motor control is a group of abstract ideas about the nature and cause of movement. n A model is a represetation of something, usually a simplified version of the real thing.

Theories of Motor Control

Reflex theory n The building blocks of complex behavior. n Sir Charles Sherrington, neurophisiologist (The Integrative Action of the Nervous System), n Classified the major responses to stimuli, and believed that most of the voluntary movements resulted from these fundamental reflexes.

Stimulus Response Response Sensory receptor Effector(muscle)

Information processing model Input(Signals)Processing (The human) Output (Motor response) Input(Signals)Processing (The human) Output (Motor response)

Information processing model Stimulus Stimulus Response Response Movement (Input) iden. selection progra. output REACTION TIME THE HUMAN

Hierarchical Theory n Top - down structure n Reflexes are part of this hierarchy, normally higher centers inhibit them (Chart to be scanned) n Motor control emerges from reflexes, later on integrated with higher control levels. n Limitations

Motor programming theories n Sensory input not essential to drive movement but important function in modulating it. ** Try for yourself (signature) demo. n Limitations

Dynamical Systems theory n Bernstein-characteristics of acting systems, external and internal forces. n Distributed model of motor control-no need for higher center of control. n Interaction of elements, physical and neural components. n Limitations

Parallel distributed processing theory. n NS processes information in serial and parallel. n Limitations

Task oriented theories n Control of movement is organized around goal-directed functional behaviors such as walking or talking. n Limitations

Ecological theory. n How do we detect information in our environment that is important to our actions? n Limitations