Riis – Due 10/9 ( in class) – Matsuda OUT 10/16 – Study guide #2 out and on website 10/18 – NO CLASS!! 10/23 – Matsuda DUE 10/30 – Exam #2 Thanksgiving Break...6 more weeks!!
HIST 202 – U.S. HISTORY
Grew out of: Industrialization Immigration Urban Expansion Progressivism is PROGRESS!!
National movement born out of state reforms Progressive presidents: Theodore Roosevelt William Howard Taft Woodrow Wilson
Country was changing RAPIDLY! Industrialized Non-agrarian Melting pot of immigrants Innocence was lost
Participants were extremely diverse: Women Liberal educators Early civil rights crusaders Middle-class reformers
Middle-class Shop owners Lawyers Doctors Ministers Religious Social Gospel Liberals
Frederick W. Taylor Conducted research in factories Timed output cycles Discovered ways to organize people in efficient manner Progressives…govt. can be more efficient
Made Americans wake up!! Origins Henry Demarest Lloyd Wealth Against Commonwealth (1894)
Magazines McClure’s Collier’s Cosmopolitan Authors contributed stories Books Lincoln Steffans – The Shame of the Cities Jacob Riis – How the Other Half Lives
Reasons: Some stories were hard to beat Magazines were asked to tone down the stories Corporations had public relation departments Legal problems
Secret ballots (“Australian Ballot”) Direct election of Senators – 17 th Amendment (1913) Direct primaries Robert LaFollette (Wis.) Let the people decide
Initiative Method that voters could compel legislators to consider a bill Referendum Allowed voters to vote on the issue Recall Allowed voters to get rid of corrupt officials
Settlement house reformers Jane Addams Believed in social justice Better schools Better courts Divorce laws Criminal reform
Get rid of political machines and bosses Get control of public utilities Voters elect city managers and commissioners
Governors Battled with corporate interests Fraudulent companies Corrupt railroads Tax reform Temperance – Wets v. Drys
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire March 25 th 1911 146 women perished in flames 71 injured Blamed poor working conditions No fire plans Fire escapes were damaged or locked!!!
Progressivism shot into gear under Teddy 1902 Coal Strike Standard Oil trust “Bad trusts” “Good trusts”
Consumer protection Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) Meat Inspection Act (1906) Environmental protection Newlands Reclamation Act (1902) U.S. Forest Service (1908) 150 million acres of land for parks
Won election of 1908 Defeated William Jennings Bryan Busted the most trusts in history U.S. Steel Angered Teddy Split Republican party Progressives Republicans
Pledged “New Freedom” Attacked the “triple wall of privilege” Tariffs Underwood Tariff (1913) Banking Federal Reserve Act (1914) Trusts Clayton Antitrust Act (1914) Federal Trade Commission (1914)
Riis – due tonight 10/11 – Study guide #2 and Matsuda OUT and on website 10/18 – NO CLASS!! 10/23 – Matsuda DUE 10/30 – Exam #2 Thanksgiving Break...5 more weeks!!
2 nd rate citizens “Separate but equal” Progressive presidents paid little mind to Thought there were more pressing issues Shared in the racist sentiment
DuBoisWashington
Mass migration of blacks from South to northern cities Aided by the Urban League (1911) Causes Deteriorating race conditions Crops decimated by boll weevil Job opportunities in cities
1905 – Niagara Movement Dubois Met at Niagara Falls, Canada 1908 – NAACP 1920 – 100,000 members
Liberal thinkers - educated Wanted equal rights as men Suffragist Movement Carrie Chapman Catt – National American Woman Suffrage Assn. (NAWSA) Alice Paul – National Woman’s Party
Wilson was VERY reluctant 1920 – guaranteed women’s right to vote Aided in women’s rights for Property Divorce Birth control
WWI ends Progressivism Worried about the war Many reforms were in place Reformers thought their jobs were done