INTEGRATED WEED CONTROL Lars Baker Fremont County Weed & Pest

Control Strategies Weed Identification Prevention Tillage Mowing Crop Competition Hand Pulling Mulch Grazing Herbicides Biological Control

Weed Identification Tools for Identification Basic Classification Picture Books Plant Keys Herbarium Basic Classification Annual, Biennial, Perennial Grasses, Forbs, Shrubs, Trees Flowers, Fruits & Vegetative Parts

Field Bindweed

Weed Mapping Mapping drives control activity Weed maps focus your energy Prioritize resources Mapping documents the process Records treatments Provides history Mapping monitors program effectiveness Still spreading or going away?

A Wide Spread Weed Problem

Prevention Species Selection Sanitation Clean Seed Clean Plant Stock Clean Tools & Equipment Clean Water Clean Soil Early Detection & Rapid Response Containment & Quarantine

Tillage and Cultivation Soil Disturbance Perennial Weeds (Plants From Roots) Poor Results Dedication Required Annual Weeds (Plants From Seeds) Good Results Timing Important

Mowing Perennial (Plants From Roots) Annual (Plants From Seed) Cosmetic Selective Plant Adaptation Annual (Plants From Seed) Plant Demise

Mowing will not Control Quackgrass

Crop Competition What Plants Need To Grow Temperature Light Water Nutrients Growing Medium Air Established Plants Prevent Germination Light & Water Resources Easily Combined With Mowing

Hand Pulling Labor Intensive Effective In Very Small Areas Immediately Cosmetic Highly Selective Personal Satisfaction Can Destroy Favorable Plants Can Be Combined With Tillage

Mulch Perennial (Plants From Roots) Annuals (Plants From Seeds) Limited Control Grows Around Grows Up Through Waits Until Next Year Excludes Light Annuals (Plants From Seeds) Prevents Seed Germination Blocks Light Holds Moisture Enhances Bacterial Decomposition

Grazing Livestock Species Timing Intensity Selectivity

Herbicides Over 150 Chemical Compounds on the Market Two Big Jumps in Corn Yield 1955 and 1965 Concentrated Energy in a Can Formulated to Allow Convenient or Efficient Application of the Active Ingredients

Classifications Of Herbicides Systemic vs. Contact Xylem or Phloem Foliage vs. Root Adsorption Organic or Inorganic Chemistry Timing of Use- Pre or Post Formulation Mode of Action Market

Herbicide Selectivity Seed Size Planting Depth Plant Cuticle Plant Shape Plant Size Plant Genetics Surfactants

Application Tools Spray Bottle Backpack Sprayer Motorized Sprayers Granular Applicators Aerosol Sprays Fertilizer Impregnation Paint brush/Paint roller

Application Technology Broadcast- Spray Entire Area Band- Spray Strips Over a Row Crop Spot Treat- Spray Individual Weeds High or Low Volume Micro Rates Herbigation

Calibration Nozzle Size & Type Pressure Speed Dilution Carrier Pattern Droplet Size Volume Pressure Speed Dilution Carrier

Controlling Pesticide Contamination Drift Droplet Size Distance To The Target Wind Speed & Direction Movement of Treated Soil Ground & Surface Water Contamination

Biological Control Non-Persistent Persistent Augmentive Bio-herbicides Introduced Weeds Introduced Natural Enemies Restore Balance

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