AMMUNITION CAPABILITIES

Terminal Learning Objective Action: Identify Bradley Fighting Vehicle 25MM and Tow Ammunition Conditions: Given a specific type of ammunition in a classroom environment. Standards:The student must achieve a minimum of 80% on a written examination, on being able to identify the Bradley Fighting Vehicle 25MM and Tow ammunition (correctly) IAW FM 3-22.1

Enabling Learning Objective Title: List the characteristics, capabilities and markings of the M791 ammunition. Conditions: Given a specific type of 25mm ammunition in a classroom environment. Standards:The student must list the characteristics, capabilities and markings of M791 ammunition (correctly) IAW FM 3-22.1 1. Time/ Distance of flight 2. Tracer burn time/ range 3. Trajectory characteristics 4. Stabilization factors 5. Max effective ranges 6. Factors affecting max effective ranges 7. Factors affecting detonation 8. markings.

ARMOR-PIERCING DISCARDING SABOT WITH TRACER. AMMUNITION CAPABILITIES M791 APDS-T CHARACTERISTICS ARMOR-PIERCING DISCARDING SABOT WITH TRACER. (APDS-T) PENETRATES LIGHTLY ARMORED VEHICLES, SELF- PROPELLED ARTILLERY, AND AERIAL TARGETS (HELICOPTERS AND SLOW-MOVING FIXED-WING AIRCRAFT) O O TUNGSTEN ALLOY PENETRATOR O PENETRATES BY KINETIC ENERGY PROJECTILE SABOT AND NOSE CAP ARE BLACK WITH WHITE MARKINGS O 1

M791 APDS-T MUZZLE VELOCITY: 1,345 MPS (+/- 20 MPS) TRACER BURNOUT: >1.4 SEC. / >2,000 M PENETRATION: 44MM AT 2000M AT 0 DEG MAXIMUM EFFECTIVE RANGE: 2000 METERS MAINTAINS ACCURACY OUT TO: 2200 METERS MAXIMUM RANGE: 14,572 METERS

M791 APDS-T NOSE CAP WINDSCREEN TUNGSTEN CORE, SUBPROJECTILE DISCARDING SABOT PROJECTILE ASSEMBLY TRACER BASE CASE CARTRIDGE PROPELLANT PRIMER

Enabling Learning Objective Action: List the characteristics, capabilities and markings of the M910 ammunition. Conditions: Given a specific type of 25mm ammunition in a classroom environment. Standards:The student must list the characteristics, capabilities and markings of M910 ammunition (correctly) IAW FM 3-22.1 1. Time/ Distance of flight 2. Tracer burn time/ range 3. Trajectory characteristics 4. Stabilization factors 5. Max effective ranges 6. Factors affecting max effective ranges 7. markings.

M910 TPDS-T CHARACTERISTICS O O O TARGET PRACTICE DISCARDING SABOT WITH TRACER (TPDS-T) O USED ON LIMITED DISTANCE RANGES. O STEEL PROJECTILE BALLISTICALLY MATCHED TO PLUS OR MINUS 1 MIL OF THE APDS-T AT A RANGE OF 2000 METERS O O PROJECTILE SABOT AND NOSE CAP ARE BLUE WITH WHITE MARKINGS. 3

M910 TPDS-T MUZZLE VELOCITY: 1,525 MPS (+/- 20 MPS) TRACER BURNOUT: >1.8 SEC. / >2,000 M MAXIMUM EFFECTIVE RANGE: 2000 METERS MAXIMUM RANGE: 8000 METERS

M910 TPDS-T WINDSCREEN NYLON NOSE CAP CORE SUBPROJECTILE PROJECTILE ASSEMBLY BASE TRACER CASE CARTRIDGE PROPELLANT PRIMER

Enabling Learning Objective Action: List the characteristics, capabilities and markings of the M919 ammunition. Conditions: Given a specific type of 25mm ammunition in a classroom environment. Standards:The student must list the characteristics, capabilities and markings of M919 ammunition (correctly) IAW FM 3-22.1 1. Time/ Distance of flight 2. Tracer burn time/ range 3. Trajectory characteristics 4. Stabilization factors 5. Max effective ranges 6. Factors affecting max effective ranges 7. Factors affecting detonation 8. markings.

M919 APFSDS-T CHARACTERISTICS O O O O ARMOR-PIERCING FIN-STABILIZED DISCARDING SABOT WITH TRACER (APFSDS-T) DEFEATS ALL KNOWN LIGHT ARMORED VEHICLES, SELF- PROPELLED ARTILLERY, AND AERIAL TARGETS (HELICOPTERS AND SLOW-MOVING FIXED-WING AIRCRAFT.) O O DEPLETED-URANIUM PROJECTILE. O PENETRATES SOLELY BY KINETIC ENERGY. PROJECTILE SABOT AND NOSE-CAP ARE BLACK WITH WHITE OBTURATOR. O 12

UPDATE: M919 MAX EFFECTIVE RANGE NO LONGER CLASSIFIED!!!!!!!!!! APFSDS-T APFSDS-T ROUND PROVIDES MAXIMUM PENETRATION PERFORMANCE AGAINST THE MOST UP-TO-DATE THREATS ON THE BATTLEFIELD TODAY. UPDATE: M919 MAX EFFECTIVE RANGE NO LONGER CLASSIFIED!!!!!!!!!!

M919 APFSDS-T MUZZLE VELOCITY: 1,385 MPS (+/- 20 MPS) TRACER BURN TIME: CLASSIFIED TRCER BURN RANGE: 2500 METERS MAXIMUM EFFECTIVE RANGE: 2500 METERS MAXIMUM RANGE: 17,600 METERS

M919 APFSDS-T WINDSCREEN NOSE CAP DU PENETRATOR SABOT SEAL OBTUATOR FIN STABALIZERS TRACER CASE CARTRIDGE NITRAMINE PROPELLANT FLASH TUBE MOD PRIMER

Enabling Learning Objective Action: List the characteristics, capabilities and markings of the M910A1 ammunition. Conditions: Given a specific type of 25mm ammunition in a classroom environment. Standards:The student must list the characteristics, capabilities and markings of M910A1 ammunition (correctly) IAW FM 3-22.1 1. Time/ Distance of flight 2. Tracer burn time/ range 3. Trajectory characteristics 4. Stabilization factors 5. Max effective ranges 6. Factors affecting max effective ranges 7. markings.

TARGET PRACTICE DISCARDING SABOT WITH TRACER (TPDS-T) M910A1 TPDS-T CHARACTERISTICS TARGET PRACTICE DISCARDING SABOT WITH TRACER (TPDS-T) O USED ON LIMITED DISTANCE RANGES. O STEEL PROJECTILE. BALLISTICALLY MATCHED TO PLUS OR MINUS 1 MIL OF THE APFSDS-T TO A RANGE OF 2000 METERS. O O PROJECTILE SABOT AND NOSE CAP ARE BLUE WITH WHITE MARKINGS. 15

M910A1 MUZZLE VELOCITY: 1,550 MPS (+/- 20 MPS) TRACER BURNOUT: >2.4 SEC. / >2,500 M MAXIMUM EFFECTIVE RANGE: 2500 METERS MAXIMUM RANGE: 8000 METERS

M910A1 APDS-T WINDSCREEN NYLON NOSE CAP CORE SUBPROJECTILE PROJECTILE ASSEMBLY BASE TRACER CASE CARTRIDGE PROPELLANT PRIMER

Enabling Learning Objective Action: List the characteristics, capabilities and markings of the M792 ammunition. Conditions: Given a specific type of 25mm ammunition in a classroom environment. Standards:The student must list the characteristics, capabilities and markings of M792 ammunition (correctly) IAW FM 3-22.1 1. Time/ Distance of flight 2. Tracer burn time/ range 3. Trajectory characteristics 4. Dispersion factors 5. Arming distance 6. Stabilization factors 7. Max effective ranges 8. Factors affecting max effective ranges 9. Factors affecting detonation 10. markings.

M792 HEI-T CHARACTERISTICS O O O O O HIGH-EXPLOSIVE INCENDIARY WITH TRACER (HEI-T) DESTROY UNARMORED VEHICLES AND HELICOPTERS AND SUPPRESS RPG-TEAMS, CREW-SERVED WEAPONS, DISMOUNTED INFANTRY. O HOLLOW-STEEL BODY, M758 MECHANICAL FUZE, 32 GRAMS OF AN HEI-MIX. O THREE TYPES OF DETONATION: IMPACT, GRAZING IMPACT AND SELF-DESTRUCT. O O 5-METER BURSTING RADIUS PROJECTILE IS YELLOW TO ORANGE WITH A RED BAND, BLACK MARKINGS AND A GOLD TIP O 5

M792 HEI-T MUZZLE VELOCITY: 1,100 MPS (+/- 20 MPS) TRACER BURNOUT AND RANGE: >3.5 SEC. / >2,000 M BURSTING RADIUS 5 METERS ARMING DISTANCE 10-200 METERS MAXIMUM EFFECTIVE RANGE: POINT TARGET: 1,600 METERS AREA TARGET: 3,000 METERS

M792 HEI-T WINDSCREEN M758 FUZE BODY AND ROTATING BAND ASSEMBLY HE-I CHARGE TRACER CASE CARTRIDGE PROPELLANT PRIMER

M758 HEI-T FUZE 7

THREE MEANS OF DETONATING FUZE-M758 THREE MEANS OF DETONATING 1. DIRECT IMPACT; DIRECT IMPACT WITH THE TARGET CAUSES SUPER QUICK FUNCTION OF THE FUZE DUE TO THE CRUSHING ACTION OF THE NOSE PROBE. 2. GRAZE IMPACT; FUNCTION AT LOW ANGLES CAN OCCUR IN TWO WAYS. ON SOFT TARGETS WHERE THE PROJECTILE TENDS TO ENTER THE TARGET, THE NOSE PROBE IS CRUSHED , DRIVING THE PISTON FIRING PIN INTO THE DETONATOR. ON LOW ANGLE IMPACTS ON HARD TARGETS, DECELERATION OF THE PROJECTILE AND SPIN DECAY OCCURS. 3. SELF-DESTRUCT 3,000 METERS; IF NO CONTACT IS MADE WITH A TARGET, THE FUZE WILL CAUSE THE PROJECTILE TO FUNCTION BY SELF-DESTRUCT ACTION AFTER A PREDETERMINED FLIGHT TIME. THE PROJECTILE IS DETONATED WHILE STILL IN FLIGHT. 8

M758 OPERATIONAL SEQUENCE 9

Enabling Learning Objective Action: List the characteristics, capabilities and markings of the M793 ammunition. Conditions: Given a specific type of 25mm ammunition in a classroom environment. Standards:The student must list the characteristics, capabilities and markings of M793 ammunition (correctly) IAW FM 3-22.1 1. Time/ Distance of flight 2. Tracer burn time/ range 3. Trajectory characteristics 4. Dispersion factors 5. Stabilization factors 6. Max effective ranges 7. Factors effecting max effective ranges 8. markings.

M793 TP-T CHARACTERISTICS O O O O TARGET PRACTICE WITH TRACER (TP-T) USED ON LIMITED DISTANCE RANGES O HOLLOW STEEL PROJECTILE. O BALLISTICALLY MATCHED TO THE HEI-T ROUND PROJECTILE’S HOLLOW STEEL BODY IS BLUE WITH WHITE MARKINGS. O 10

M793 TP-T MUZZLE VELOCITY: 1,100 MPS (+/- 20 MPS) TRACER BURNOUT AND RANGE: >3.5 SEC. /> 2,000 M MAXIMUM EFFECTIVE RANGE: 1,600 METERS POINT 3,000 METERS AREA MAXIMUM RANGE: 8,000 METERS

M793 TP-T ALUMINUM WINDSCREEN CORE SUBPROJECTILE TRACER CASE CARTRIDGE PROPELLANT PRIMER

Enabling Learning Objective Action: List the characteristics of TOW missiles Conditions: Given a specific model of TOW and FM 3- 22.1 in a classroom environment Standards: Student must List the following characteristics IAW FM 3-22.1: 1. Time of flight 2. Type of sight 3. Arming distance 4. Max effective range 5. Extensible probes and warheads

THERE ARE SIX SERVICE MISSILES: BGM - 71A-1 / BASIC EXTENDED TOW TUBED-LAUNCHED, OPTICALLY TRACKED, WIRE-GUIDED MISSILE SYSTEM THE TOW IS A COMMAND - GUIDED SURFACE ATTACK WEAPON THAT CAN DESTROY OR CRIPPLE ALL KNOWN THREAT ARMOR, OUT TO 3,750 METERS. IT CAN BE USED AGAINST FORTIFIED BATTLEFIELD BUNKERS, GUN EMPLACEMENTS AND OTHER SIMILAR POSITIONS. THERE ARE SIX SERVICE MISSILES: BGM - 71A / BASIC TOW BGM - 71A-1 / BASIC EXTENDED TOW BGM - 71C / IMPROVED TOW BGM - 71D / TOW II BGM - 71E / TOW IIA BGM - 71F / TOW IIB

TOW MISSILE CHARACTERISTICS TUBED-LAUNCHED, OPTICALLY TRACKED, WIRE-GUIDED MISSILE SYSTEM DEFEATS TANKS, OTHER ARMORED VEHICLES, HELICOPTERS, FORTIFIED BUNKERS, AND GUN EMPLACEMENTS DESTROYS ARMORED VEHICLES FROM 65 METERS OUT TO 3750 METERS. MUZZLE CLEARANCE, 18 INCHES OF CLEARANCE AT THE END OF THE LAUNCHER, 30 INCHES OF CLEARANCE BETWEEN THE LINE OF SIGHT AND ANY OBSTRUCTION FROM 500 TO 900 METERS DOWNRANGE. 17

Enabling Learning Objective , Enabling Learning Objective Action: List the capabilities of each type of TOW missile Conditions: Given a specific round of TOW, and a FM 3-22.1 in a classroom environment Standards: : The student must List the following IAW FM 3-22.1: 1. Penetration at max range 2. Flight over water

5”HE SHAPE CHARGE, 3000m / 5” w\ EXTENSIBLE PROBE BASIC & IMPROVED TOW 5”HE SHAPE CHARGE, 3000m / 5” w\ EXTENSIBLE PROBE (BGM-71A/A1 AND BGM-71C) 18

TOW

TOW 2 AND TOW 2A MISSILE (BGM-71D AND BGM-71E) 6” FULL CALIBER W/ EXTENS. PROBE / PRECURSOR CHARGE (BGM-71D AND BGM-71E) THERMAL BEACON USED W/ ELECTRO OPTICAL INFRARED N.S. IMPROVES PERFORMANCE WHEN FIRING THROUGH SMOKE 19

TOW 2B MISSILE (BGM71F) 2- 5” WARHEADS FORM 2 HIGH-DENSITY TANTALUM PENETRATORS 2.25 METERS ABOVE THE GUNNERS LINE OF SIGHT 20

LIMITATIONS AND BACKBLAST PRECAUTIONS TOW MISSILE LIMITATIONS AND BACKBLAST PRECAUTIONS 1. FIRING OVER WATER 2. FIRING OVER ELECTRICAL WIRES. 3. FIRING IN WINDY CONDITIONS 4. FIRING THROUGH SMOKE AND AREA FIRES. BACKBLAST PRECAUTIONS: 90-DEGREE CONE 50-METER DANGER ZONE AND A 25 METER CAUTION ZONE. 21

TOW ABORT 2. SELECT ANOTHER AMMO 3. REACHES MAXIMUM RANGE 1. TOW ABORT SWITCH 2. SELECT ANOTHER AMMO 3. REACHES MAXIMUM RANGE 4. RESET WEAPONS CONTROL BOX TO RESET SAFE 5. GO FROM HIGH TO LOW MAGNIFICATION 6. INTENTIONAL GROUNDING

Enabling Learning Objective Action: Identify the markings of TOW missiles Conditions: Given a specific model of TOW, and FM 3-22.1 in a classroom environment Standards: The student must identify the markings of Tow missiles IAW FM 3-22.1: 1. Color and meanings of color, 2. Location of data

MISSILE CASE NOTE: TRAINING ROUNDS HAVE BLUE BANDS WITH BLACK LETTERS IDENTIFICATION DECAL IDENTIFICATION TAPE MODEL NUMBER MISSILE TYPE (STENCIL) ONE INCH BLACK LETTER MODEL NUMBER (STENCIL) BLACK LETTER TWO INCH YELLOW BAND WITH BLACK LETTER TWO INCH BROWN BAND (LIVE ROUND) NOTE: TRAINING ROUNDS HAVE BLUE BANDS WITH BLACK LETTERS YELLOW IS ALWAYS IN FRONT BLUE OR BROWN IN THE REAR. 22

AMMUNITION CAPABILITIES