PSYCHOANALYSIS & GENDER By: CARMEN ESSA Edited By: Dr. Picart Associate Professor of English Courtesy Associate Professor of Law

Goal/Aim The goal of this class is to understand psychoanalysis, fetishism, sadism, the theories of Freud and Jacques Lacan, and apply them to the films, Marnie and Psycho.

OVERVIEW  “Psychoanalytic Criticism”  “Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema”  Interactive Game  Alfred Hitchcock  Marnie  Psycho

Psychoanalysis Analyze dreams, feelings, and/or behavior. Search for hidden repressions Using free association to understand or investigate what goes on in the mind.

Psychoanalytic Criticism By: Gail Houston I. Freudian Models A. Dynamic model Conscious Unconscious

Economic Model Pleasure principle Reality principle-

Topographical Model Conscious Preconscious Unconscious

Topographical Model #2 Superego Ego Id

Freud’s Seven Steps to becoming a “normal” member of society. Oral phase Anal phase Phallic phase Oedipus complex Castration complex Latency stage Genital stage

Jacques Lacan “mapping of human identity” The Real The Imaginary The Symbolic Order Phallus as Signifier

QUESTION # 1 In Freud’s seven stages to becoming a “normal” member of society, in which of the following stages does the child realize it is separate from its mother? a. oral stage b. anal stage c. phallic stage d. latency stage

QUESTION # 2 Which of the following phases represents the stage in which the male child fears that the father has castrated the mother and will do the same to him? a. Oedipus complex b. Castration complex c. Phallic phase d. Latency stage

QUESTION # 3 This stage is sort of a pre-adolescent stage and must take place in order for the genital organization stage to take place. a. Phallic stage b. Latency stage c. Anal stage d. Oedipus complex stage

QUESTION # 4 In this phase, the male child sees his father as the masculine role model and identifies the father as the norm for the male gender. a. phallic phase b. oral stage c. latency stage d. castration complex

QUESTION # 5 Which of the following did Jacques Lacan say was your ideal image of yourself? Hint: it’s also called the mirror stage. a. Real b. Imaginary c. Ego d. Id

QUESTION # 6 Lacan defines this as the period when the father breaks the mother and child bond and imposes the rules of society on the child. a. Real b. Imaginary c. Symbolic Order d. Oedipus Complex stage

QUESTION # 7 Lacan identifies this as the time when both sexes seek to become “whole” by becoming what the other sex desires. a. Real b. Imaginary c. Mirror stage d. Phallus as signifier

Castration Anxiety According to Freud, the image of woman triggers castration anxiety. This leads to male fetishism because males have to get pleasure another way usually by fetishcizing about other female body parts.

Mulvey’s Three Classical Hollywood Cinema Looks Camera Audience Characters

Laura Mulvey: “Visual Pleasure & Narrative Cinema Visual Pleasure (two forms): A. Scopophilia B. Identification

Reliefs for Castration anxiety Voyeurism Sadism Fetishism

Brief History of Alfred Hitchcock Born in London, 1899 Died 1980 Strict Roman Catholic family Attended Jesuit school as a teenager Became sketch artist Screenwriter, director, & producer. Source:

 “The Jesuits terrified me to death, and now I am getting my own back by terrifying other people.”  (Phillips 6)

Marnie

1st Images of Marnie Please watch the first five minutes of Marnie and identify as many terms as possible. Note: Pay particular attention to the first few images of Marnie.

1st Images of Marnie Shot/Reverse Shot Extreme Close-Up Medium Shot Long Shot Extreme Long Shot Fade

Interview Scene Students will watch the last few minutes of Marnie’s scene with her mother and then the scene where she is interviewed. Students will identify film terms.

Interview Scene Low Key-Lighting High Key Lighting High angle shots

1st Meeting with Mark Please watch this five minute clip and identify all film terms.

1st Meeting with Mark Extreme long shot Point of view shot Shot/reverse shot Medium shot Close up

Bedroom Scene #2 Please watch this five minute clip and identify all film terms.

Bedroom Scene #2 High/Low Key lighting High/Low Angle shots Dolly Shot Fade Extreme Close up Pan

Medium Close-Up Source:

Psycho’s 1st scene Students will watch the first five minutes of the movie and identify all film terminology.

Psycho’s 1st scene-Things to look for: Sound Pans Dissolve Shot/Reverse Shot

Voyeur & Shower Scene Please observe this five minute clip and identify all film terms.

Voyeur & Shower Scene Things to look for: Point of view shot High Key Lighting Low Key Lighting High Angle Shot Low Angle Shot Zoom Pan Extreme Close up

Psycho

Last scene of Psycho Please observe this five minute clip and identify all film terms.

Last scene of Psycho. Shot/Reverse Shot Zoom/Close up Voice Over Dissolve

“I don’t care about the acting. I don’t care about the subject matter. My main satisfaction is that the film had an effect on the audience.” Source: Phillips, Gene. Alfred Hitchcock

Sources Phillips, Gene. Alfred Hitchcock. NY: Pgs. 6-9 Mulvey, Laura. “Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema.” The Sexual Subject: A Screen Reader in Sexuality. NY: 1992 Houston, Gail. “Psychoanalytic Criticism.” The Critical Experience. 1994