Art and Disability: Intersecting Identities among Young Artists with Disabilities by Jennifer Sullivan Sulewski, Heike Boeltzig, and Rooshey Hasnain & Rose Weitz’s management of illness and disability stigma

Darling (2003): “while some people with disabilities have adopted disability pride or the affirmation model, others "continue to accept the older views and regard themselves as victims of personal misfortune" (p. 884). She proposes a typology of disability identity encompassing seven types:

Normalization acceptance and achievement of the norms of the larger society, with or without acceptance of disability stigma Darling’s typology of disability identity types

Crusadership involvement in a disability subculture in an attempt to achieve normalization

Darling’s typology of disability identity types Affirmation involvement in a disability subculture and viewing disability as a primary identity and source of pride; "coming out"

Darling’s typology of disability identity types Situational Identification adopting multiple identities in different situations, e.g., normalization when with those without disabilities but affirmation when with others with disabilities

Darling’s typology of disability identity types Resignation unable to achieve normalization but lacking resources to access the disability subculture

Darling’s typology of disability identity types Apathy completely uninformed

Darling’s typology of disability identity types Isolated Affirmation affirmation orientation arrived at without exposure to disability subculture

Rose Weitz management of illness and disability stigma

Passing or attempting to hide one’s disabilities

Rose Weitz management of illness and disability stigma Covering trying to deflect attention from it

Rose Weitz management of illness and disability stigma Disclosing or making an invisible disability visible to elicit sympathy or aid

Rose Weitz management of illness and disability stigma Deviance disavowal or convincing others that they are the same as “normal” people

Rose Weitz management of illness and disability stigma Challenging and rejecting the stigma entirely

Rose Weitz management of illness and disability stigma Passing or attempting to hide one’s disabilities