Early 19 th Century Industrialization in the US. Transportation Revolution.

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Presentation transcript:

Early 19 th Century Industrialization in the US

Transportation Revolution

First Turnpike Lancaster, PA By 1832, nearly 2400 mi. of road connected most major cities.

Cumberland (National Road), 1811

Erie Canal System

Erie Canal, 1820s Begun in 1817; completed in 1825

Robert Fulton & the Steamboat 1807: The Clermont

Principal Canals in 1840

Inland Freight Rates

The “Iron Horse” (1830) 1830  13 miles of track built by Baltimore & Ohio RR By 1850  9000 mi. of RR track [1860  31,000 mi.]

The Railroad Revolution, 1850s p Immigrant labor built the No. RRs. p Slave labor built the So. RRs.

New Inventions Yankee “Ingenuity”

Resourcefulness & Experimentation p Americans were willing to try anything. p They were first copiers, then innovators  41 patents were approved  4,357 “ “ “

Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin, 1791

Oliver Evans First prototype of the locomotive First automated flour mill

John Deere & the Steel Plow (1837)

Cyrus McCormick & the Mechanical Reaper: 1831

Samuel F. B. Morse 1840 – Telegraph

Elias Howe & Isaac Singer 1840s Sewing Machine

Lowell Mill

Early Textile Mill Loom Floor

Early Textile Loom

New England Textile Centers: 1830s

New England Dominance in Textiles

Regional Specialization EAST  Industrial SOUTH  Cotton & Slavery WEST  The Nation’s “Breadbasket”

American Population Centers in 1820

American Population Centers in 1860

National Origin of Immigrants: Why now?

Changing Occupation Distributions: