The Battle of Shiloh By: James Wheatley Brian Dennin Steven Scott

Background Of the Battle April 6, 1862 Union General Ulysses S. Grant assisted by Don Carlos Buell Confederate General Albert Sidney Johnston assisted by P.G.T Beauregard

Ulysses S. Grant April 27, 1822 – July 23, 1885 Known simply as “Sam” Finished 21 st out of 39 th in his class When fighting stopped Grant moved to Mississippi became Heavy Drinker Resigned out of the Army

Grant during the war Union Commander Army of Tennessee camped at Pittsburg Landing ▫Spent time drilling recruits and awaiting reinforcements There was surprise attack by Confederate forces at the Battle of Shiloh The following day, Grant's Army fended off Confederate advances and ultimately won the day.

Albert Sidney Johnston FEBRUARY 2, 1803 – APRIL 6, 1862 In 1837, Albert Sidney Johnston survived a duel against Texas Brigadier General Felix Huston. Unfortunately his wounds most likely lead to his death He fought in the Black Hawk War, the Texas Revolution, and the Mexican-American War On December 21, 1860, Johnston took command of the Department of the Pacific. He resigned on April 9, 1861, when his home state of Texas seceded from the Union.

Johnston during the war Johnston intended to attack Grant on April 5, 1862, but he was held back by heavy rains. His Army attacked on April 6, near Shiloh Church. He was successful, at first, in pushing Gen. William T. Sherman’s men back to an area called the Crossroads. The Hornet’s Nest, just north of this point, saw the bloodiest fighting.

Battle Summary April 6, 1862, 40,000 Confederate soldiers under the command of Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston poured out of the nearby woods and struck a line of Union soldiers occupying ground near Pittsburg Landing on the Tennessee River Repeated Rebel attacks failed to carry the Hornet's Nest, but massed artillery helped to turn the tide as Confederates surrounded the Union troops and captured, killed, or wounded most.

Battle Summary cont. By the next morning, the reinforced Federal army numbered about 40,000, outnumbering Beauregard’s army of less than 30,000. Grant’s April 7th counteroffensive overpowered the weakened Confederate forces and Beauregard’s army retired from the field. The two day battle at Shiloh produced more than 23,000 casualties and was the bloodiest battle in American history at its time.

Hornet’s Nest A battle line at the sunken road, known as the “Hornet's Nest.” Predominantly consisted of Illinois and Iowa farmers, held for 6 hours while army retreated A view of the Hornets' Nest line

Numbers Total estimated casualties: 23,746 Total soldiers: 110,053 ▫Union: 65,085 ▫Confederate: 44,968 Union Confederate 1,745 killed 8,408 wounded 2,885 missing/captured 13,047 total 1,728 killed 8,012 wounded 959 missing/captured 10,669 total

In the End Even though the Union suffered more Casualties, the battle is considered a Union victory as they now controlled the land. The Union now had taken a good part of Tennessee and would later march to nearby Corinth.