CHAPTER 20 The Industrial Revolution The West Encounters and Transformations Levack/Muir/Veldman/Maas Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 20: The Industrial Revolution Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007 I. The Nature of the Industrial Revolution II. Conditions Favoring Industrial Growth III. The Spread of Industrialization IV. The Effects of Industrialization V. Industry, Trade and the British Empire

Chapter 20: The Industrial Revolution Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007 I. The Nature of the Industrial Revolution Revolution? A. New Industrial Technology Textile Manufacture James Hargreaves Spinning Jenny, 1767 Richard Arkwright Water frame, 1769 Samuel Crompton Mule, 1779 Edmund Cartwright Power loom, 1787 Steam Engine Thomas Newcomen First steam pump, 1709 James Watt, 1863 Steam engine Matthew Boulton Manufactures steam engine

Chapter 20: The Industrial Revolution Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007 I. The Nature of the Industrial Revolution B. Energy Sources Water Still dominant in 1830 Coal From 1850's C. The Growth of Factories Domestic system Large handicraft workshops Adam Smith ( ) The Wealth of Nations, 1776 Factories D. Transportation Canals locks, aqueducts Railroads

Chapter 20: The Industrial Revolution Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007 II. Conditions Favoring Industrial Growth A. Population Growth Famines lessen Plague Great Plague of London, 1665 Marseilles, 1720 local only B. Agricultural Productivity Strip fields consolidated Enclosure legislation Fertilizers C. Capital Banks proliferate 1750: : 300+ D. Demand "Consumer Revolution' Newspaper ads Samples

Chapter 20: The Industrial Revolution Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007 III. The Spread of Industrialization A. Europe Belgium, France, from 1815 Germany, Switzerland, Austria, from 1840 Germany Zollverein, 1834 B. Continental Industrialization Governments key protective tariffs Banks more important Railroads Push industrialization

Chapter 20: The Industrial Revolution Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007 IV. The Effects of Industrialization A. Population and Economic Growth Thomas Malthus ( ) An Essay on the Principle of Population, 1798 B. Standards of Living Optimists No Malthusian crises Escape from poverty Pessimists Negative effects of industrialization Disease cholera outbreaks Slums Friedrich Engels The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844, 1845 Karl Marx ( ) IV. The Effects of Industrialization C. Women, Children and Industry Workplace and household separate D. Class Consciousness David Ricardo ( ) Importance of middle class Bourgeoisie diverse

Chapter 20: The Industrial Revolution Levack et al., The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007 V. Industry, Trade and Britain's Empire A. East Asia First Opium War, Treaty, 1842 Hong Kong to Britain Ports open to Britain B. India: Annexation and Trade Sepoy Mutiny, 1857 India under the Crown Raw materials for finished goods C. Latin America Britain supports independence seeking new markets D. Ireland Potato Famine Blight, 1845 Emigration,