Rayat Shikshan Sanstha’s Maharaja Sayajirao Vidyalaya ,Satara

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Presentation transcript:

Rayat Shikshan Sanstha’s Maharaja Sayajirao Vidyalaya ,Satara

A Presentation By Ms. Priya Vishwas waghambare. MSc.B.Ed.(Chemistry)

HYDROCARBONS

Hydrocarbon Hydrocarbons are the compounds contains carbon and hydrogen elements only.

Hydrocarbons Open chain Hydrocarbon Closed chain Hydrocarbon Classification of Hydrocarbons Hydrocarbons Open chain Hydrocarbon Closed chain Hydrocarbon Unsaturated Hydrocarbon Saturated Hydrocarbon Alkane Alkene Alkyne

Open chain or Aliphatic Hydrocarbon These compounds contain open chain of carbon atoms in their molecules. Carbon can form straight chain or branched chain compounds.

Saturated Hydrocarbon A hydrocarbon in which the carbon atoms are linked to each other by single bond is called saturated hydrocarbon. They are also called alkanes or paraffins. General Formula- CnH2n+2 Where n is the number of carbon atoms. Example- n=1 CH4 n=2 C2H6

Unsaturated Hydrocarbon The hydrocarbon in which valencies of carbon are not fully satisfied by single covalent bonds is called unsaturated hydrocarbon. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are further classified as – 1) Alkene 2) Alkyne

Alkene General Formula-CnH2n Where n= number of carbon atoms Examples- Hydrocarbon in which two carbon atoms are linked by double bond ( C=C ) are called alkenes. General Formula-CnH2n Where n= number of carbon atoms Examples- n=2 ethene n=3 propene

Alkyne General Formula- CnH2n-2 Examples- n=2 ethyne n=3 propyne Hydrocarbons in which two carbon atoms are linked by triple bond ( C=C) are called alkynes. General Formula- CnH2n-2 Examples- n=2 ethyne n=3 propyne

Closed chain or cyclic or Ring compounds In these compounds carbon atoms are linked to each other in a ring form & have a closed chain or cyclic or ring structure. Example-Cyclo propane CH2 OR CH2 CH2

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Example- C6H6 Benzene In aromatic hydrocarbon atoms are present in cyclic form with at least six carbon atoms in their structure. Carbon atoms in cyclic form are linked with each other by alternated single & double bonds. Example- C6H6 Benzene

EXERCISE Fill in the blanks Molecular formula of methane is……………….. General formula of alkane is………………… .……………is the molecular formula of benzene. 4) ……………..is a aromatic hydrocarbon.

Thank You