Chemistry Matter and its Properties Chapter 1 part II

Volume Volume is the amount of three dimensional space an object occupies.

Matter Matter has mass and takes up space. Matter has mass and takes up space. On the left is grey matter On the left is grey matter

Mass Mass is the amount of matter an object contains  Not this kind of mass

Mass continued On Earth mass=weight This kind of mass!!

Substance Matter that is uniform and has a definite composition is called a substance. Salt, Sodium Chloride, is a substance

Not a Substance

Basic Building Blocks of Matter An atom is the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of that element.

Basic Building Blocks of Matter An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substances and is made of one type of atom.

Basic Building Blocks of Matter A compound is a substance that can be broken down into simple stable substances. Each compound is made from the atoms of two or more elements that are chemically bonded.

Properties and changes in Matter Extensive properties depend on the amount of matter that is present. volume mass the amount of energy in a substance.

Properties and Changes in Matter Intensive properties do not depend on the amount of matter present. melting point boiling point density ability to conduct electricity ability to transfer energy as heat

Physical Properties A physical property is a quality or condition of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substances composition. A physical property is a quality or condition of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substances composition. Color Solubility Odor Hardness Density Melting point Boiling point Freezing point

States of Matter

Solid Solids have definite shape and definite volume Solids have definite shape and definite volume

Liquid Liquids are a definite volume but indefinite shape.

Liquids

Gas Gas has indefinite volume and indefinite shape Gas has indefinite volume and indefinite shape

Plasma Plasma is a high- temperature physical state of matter in which atoms lose most of their electrons, particles that make up atoms.

Physical changes Changes that alter matter without altering the chemical composition are physical changes Changes that alter matter without altering the chemical composition are physical changes

Physical changes Boil Boil Freeze Freeze Grind Grind Cut Cut Crush Crush Melt Melt Break Break Crack Bend Dissolve Condense

Chemical Change versus Physical Change A chemical property relates to a substance’s ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances A change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances is called a chemical change or chemical reaction.

Chemical Properties and Chemical Changes The reactants are the substances that react in a chemical change. The products are the substances that are formed by the chemical change. reactants products Carbon plus oxygen yields (or forms) carbon dioxide. carbon + oxygen  Carbon dioxide

Properties of Reactants & Products

Chemical and Physical Changes A Physical Change is a change in state only. The original component or components remains. A Physical Change is a change in state only. The original component or components remains. A Chemical Change is a reaction. A new component or components are formed. A Chemical Change is a reaction. A new component or components are formed.

Chemical or Physical Change?