Chapter 31: Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Nuclear Chemistry.
Advertisements

Chapter 22 – Nuclear Chemistry
Nuclear Physics. Outcomes What is the difference between alpha, beta and gamma radiation? What are the rules for writing equations of nuclear reactions?
CHAPTER 21 NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY. I. Ordinary Chemical Reactions A. Bond breaking, bond forming, only outer electrons of the atoms are disturbed. B. Nuclei.
The Atomic Nucleus and Radioactivity The nucleus is composed of particles called nucleons, which are protons and neutrons. The number of nucleons is called.
Chapter 30 Nuclear Physics
Nuclear / Subatomic Physics Physics – Chapter 25 (Holt)
Learning Targets I can name the force that holds the atom’s nucleus together I can describe the two reasons why some isotopes are radioactive. I can describe.
Nuclear Chemistry By Robert Jakubek and Michael Maki.
Radioactive Decay Radioactive Decay. Radioactive Decay: Some unstable atoms try to regain stability by losing energy. They lose energy by emitting radiation.
Objectives To learn the types of radioactive decay
1. Nucleons. Protons and neutrons 2. Nuclide
Matching the Content to Your Class (I was told there would be no math)
Modern Physics Radioactive Decay. Look at the periodic table given to you. Find element with the atomic number 6 What is it?
PHYS 221 Recitation Kevin Ralphs Week 14. Overview Nuclear Physics – Structure of the Nucleus – Nuclear Reactions.
Nuclear Chemistry Chemistry Ms.Piela.
Nuclear Chemistry.
Atomic Stability. Isotopes Isotopes are atoms of an element that have different numbers of neutrons in their nucleus. Cu Copper – 63 OR Copper.
THE NUCLEUS: A CHEMIST’S VIEW. Nuclear Symbols Element symbol Mass number, A (p + + n o ) Atomic number, Z (number of p + )
Nuclear Decay Notes Stability Curve Atomic number Z Neutron number N Stable nuclei Z = N Nuclear particles are held.
THE NUCLEUS AND NUCLEAR REACTIONS. Nuclear descriptions Atomic number Atomic mass number Isotopes nucleons.
Radioactivity and Nuclear Energy Chapter 19 neFFc&feature=related.
Nuclear Chemistry , Nuclear Chemistry The study of the properties and reactions of atomic nuclei Atoms with identical atomic numbers.
CHAPTER 21 NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY. NUCLEUS NUCLEONS ARE MADE UP OF PROTONS AND NEUTRONS NUCLIDE IS AN ATOM IDENTIFIED BY THE NUMBER OF PROTONS AND NEUTRONS.
Radioactive Decay Read pages THE STRONG NUCLEAR FORCE STRONG NUCLEAR FORCE Atoms are held together by.
S-145 What is the difference between the terms radioactive and radiation?
Alpha Decay A Helium- 4 nucleus (two protons and two neutrons). Is produced by nuclear fission Massive nucleus breaks apart into two less-massive nuclei.
Nuclear Chemistry Objective: To explain the process of radioactive decay using nuclear equations and half life Essential Question: How do unstable (radioactive)
The nucleus consists of protons and neutrons, collectively called nucleons. The number of protons is the atomic number. Protons plus neutrons is the atomic.
Chapter 15 Nuclear Radiation
Nuclear Chemistry The Atom The atom consists of two parts: 1. The nucleus which contains: 2. Orbiting electrons. protons neutrons Multiple nuclei is.
Protons and neutrons are called nucleons. An atom is referred to as a nuclide. An atom is identified by the number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus.
proton mass, m p = x kg = u neutron mass, m n = x kg = u electron mass, m e = x 10.
Nuclear Chemistry Chapter 25. What do you think of when you hear Nuclear Chemistry?
Radioisotopes.
Radioactive Decay Radioactivity results from having an unstable nucleus. When these nuclei lose energy and break apart, decay occurs. Radioactive decay.
Nuclear Radiation 9.2. The Nucleus Protons and neutrons Charge of electrons and protons – x C = e –Proton +e –Electron -e.
Unstable Nuclei & Radioactive Decay Radioactivity Nucleus of an element spontaneously emits subatomic particles & electromagnetic waves. Nucleus of an.
Nuclear Chemistry Nucleons vs. Nuclide  Nucleons: General name referring to nucleus made up off Protons + Neutrons  Nuclide: Nuclear chemistry’s way.
Nuclear Transformations Objectives: 1. What determines the type of decay a radioisotope undergoes? 2. How much of a sample of a radioisotope remains after.
Nuclear Radiation Half-Life. What is Radiation? Penetrating rays and particles emitted by a radioactive source Result of a nuclear reaction! –Involves.
Nuclear Physics Nuclei atomic number Z = protons
TOPIC: RadioactivityTOPIC: Radioactivity & Natural Transmuations Do Now: Where on your reference table can you find radioactive particles?
Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity AP Physics Chapter 30.
Types of Radioactive Decay Kinetics of Decay Nuclear Transmutations
1 This is Jeopardy Nuclear Chemistry 2 Category No. 1 Category No. 2 Category No. 3 Category No. 4 Category No Final Jeopardy.
Nuclear Physics. Nuclear Structure Nucleus – consists of nucleons (neutrons and protons) Nucleus – consists of nucleons (neutrons and protons) Atomic.
Nuclear Chemistry. The Atom The atom consists of two parts: 1. The nucleus which contains: 2. Orbiting electrons. protons neutrons.
Nuclear Reactions. Nuclear Symbols Element symbol Mass number (p + + n o ) Atomic number (number of p + )
Chapter 21 Section 2 Radioactive Decay Radioactive Decay.
Alpha and Beta Decay. Nuclear Reactions 1.Occur when nuclei emit particles and/or rays. 2.Atoms are often converted into atoms of another element. 3.May.
Nuclear Decay. Radioactivity The emission of high-energy radiation or particles from the nucleus of a radioactive atom.
Chapter 14 Section 14.1.
NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY. Atomic Structure Recall: Atoms – consist of a positively charged nucleus, which has protons and neutrons. IsotopeSymbol# protons# neutronsAtomic.
Nuclear Chemistry. I. Terms A. Nuclear reactions involve changes in the nucleus. 1) This is unusual – most chemical reactions only rearrange atoms. B.
Honors Physics Chapter 25: Subatomic Physics.  Nucleons  Protons and Neutrons that Make Up the Nucleus  Atomic Number (Z)  # of Protons  Atomic Mass.
II. The Nucleus of the Atom. What makes up the nucleus of an atom? A. Compostion (Nucleons) 1. Protons a. Mass universal mass units b. Indicated.
Nuclear Chemistry. The study of reactions that take place in the nucleii of atoms.
Nuclear physics And you……... What happens when: The nucleus of an atom gets larger and larger? Is there a finite limit to just how big it can be? Well.
Unstable Nuclei and Radioactive Decay Radioactivity – spontaneous emission of radiation Radiation – rays and particles emitted from a radioactive material.
NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY Chapter 20. Nuclear Chemistry Radioactivity is the emission of subatomic particles or high- energy electromagnetic radiation by the.
Nuclear.
Ch. 21 Nuclear Chemistry.
Nuclear Intro.
Phosphorescent materials continue to glow after the lights are turned off. How can you use the model of an atom to explain this?
Nuclear Stability Nuclear Changes
Structure and Properties of the Nucleus
The Atomic Nucleus & Radioactive Decay
Nuclear Chemistry Chapter 21.
Atomic Theory, Isotopes, and Radioactive Decay
Presentation transcript:

Chapter 31: Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity Essential Concepts and Summary

Nuclear Structure Nucleus consists of neutrons and protons, called nucleons. Atomic number = Z = number of protons in atom. Atomic mass number = A = protons + neutrons Isotopes: atoms with same number of protons, different number of neutrons

Strong Nuclear Force and Stability of Nucleus Strong nuclear force holds nucleons together As nucleii increase in size, they become less stable Spontaneous disintegration or rearrangement of internal structure is called radioactivity

Mass Defect and Nuclear Binding Energy Binding energy: Energy required to break apart nucleus Sum of individual masses of nucleons is greater than sum of single nucleus. Difference in mass is known as mass defect

Radioactivity Three kinds of rays are produced naturally: alpha, beta, and gamma Alpha rays are helium nuclei Beta rays are electron streams Gamma rays are electromagnetic waves Transmutation: process by which parent nuclei changes into different daughter nuclei via radioactive decay

Radioactive Decay and Activity Half life: Time in which ½ of radioactive nuclei disintegrate Activity: number of disintegrations per second Lambda is proportionality constant known as decay constant Amount left after time t related to initial amount and an exponential in t

Equation Summary

Feedback: Privacy Policy Feedback
Do Not Sell My Personal Information
About project: SlidePlayer Terms of Service

© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc. All rights reserved.