A Chemical and Microbiological Assessment of Brooklyn Creek Highland IB Group 4 Students, Class of ‘14: Brett Baldwin, Vanessa Borowicz, Josie Brune, Trenton Cameron, Pam Choi, Jon Daigle, Megan Ellis, James Galpin, Janelle Garrett, Mac Gold, Madison Goodspeed, Emily Haagerup, Tristan MacLean, Will Matous, Sam McInnes, Ben Obal, Athena Read, Katy Richards, Reina Stewart, Sarah Stewart Grantham, Audrey Smith, Anabelle St. Denis, Callum Thomas, Jack Thomas, Theo Truax, Zach Turple, Amy Walsh, Kim Webber

Spawning stream for Coho & Chum Brooklyn Creek

Rainbow, sea-run, resident Cutthroat trout

Brooklyn Creek Miscellaneous flora & fauna

Brooklyn Creek Recognizing the first assessment: Matthew Arndt, Danny Atchison, Chelsea Eby, Ben Farnell, Sara Harrison, Kris Isenor, Morgan Jackson, Kim Seed, Dane Stabel, Dean Wall, Dallyn Willis February – May 2000 (Additional data collected December 2000 – May 2001)

Brooklyn Creek Data Collection: May 22 nd, 2013 Three sites: Guthrie Dogwood Balmoral

The Sites

Questions to Answer: 1.Define and/or explain the parameters assigned. 2.Why are these parameters useful/important in assessing stream health? 3.Explain the nature of the tests performed to assess these parameters, and the theory behind each test. 4.Where relevant, state the allowable levels for each parameter. 5.Present data and compare to allowable levels.

Group 1: pH, Temperature, Hardness, Turbidity Josie Brune, Audrey Smith, Reina Stewart, Sarah Stewart Grantham, Kim Webber

Data Site 1 Guthrie Site 2 Dogwood Site 3 Balmoral Air Temperature ( o C) Water Temperature ( o C) Optimum: 8-15 ( o C) Turbidity (NTU’s) 8.0 NTU or less pH Level Optimum: 6.5 – Water Hardness (mg/L CaCO 3 ) Hardness <60 considered “soft” Hardness >120 considered “hard”

Group 2: Fecal Coliforms, Dissolved O 2, Biological Oxygen Demand Janelle Garrett, Emily Haagerup, Ben Obal, Amy Walsh

Data SiteResult (CFU/100mL)Allowable Limit (CFU/100mL) 1 – Guthrie – Dogwood – Balmoral Fecal Coliforms:

Data Biological Oxygen Demand: SiteResult (mg/L)Detection Limit (mg/L) 1 – Guthrie < – Dogwood < – Balmoral<5.05

Data Dissolved Oxygen: Site NumberResult (mg/L) FROM HACH KIT Result (mg/L) FROM N.I.L. DO PROBE

Group 3: Total Suspended & Dissolved Solids, Conductivity Brett Baldwin, James Galpin, Athena Read

Data Allowable LimitSite 1Site 2Site 3 TSS – 25 mg/L5.5 mg/L8.0 mg/L6.5 mg/L TDS (No parameters) 86 ppm84 ppm74 ppm Conductivity (No parameters) mS/cm0.126 mS/cm0.110 mS/cm (Test minimum for TSS – 5 mg/L)

Group 4: Anion Concentration, Salinity Vanessa Borowicz, Megan Ellis, Mac Gold, Madison Goodspeed, Anabelle St. Denis

Data Monitored Anions Working Water Quality Guidelines for B.C. Results Highland Secondary May 10 th 2000 Results (ppm) Highland Secondary May 2 nd 2001 Results (ppm) Highland Secondary May 22 nd 2013 Results (mg/L) Nitrate = NO ppm maximumSite #1 – 0.51 Site #2 – 0.45 Site #3 – 0.76 Site #1 – 0.26 Site #2 – 0.30 Site #3 – 0.43 Site #1 – 0.09 Site #2 – 0.12 Site #3 – 0.20 Nitrite = NO ppm maximum when Cl - is less or equal to 2 Site # Site # Site # Site #1 – 0.04 Site #2 – <0.006 Site #3 – 0.04 Site #1 – <0.05 Site #2 – <0.05 Site #3 – <0.05 Sulfate = SO ppm maximumSite # Site # Site # Site #1 – 6.37 Site #2 – 6.16 Site #3 – 6.36 Site #1 – 3.0 Site #2 – 3.0 Site #3 – 2.7 Chloride = Cl ppm maximumSite # Site # Site # Site #1 – Site #2 – Site #3 – Site #1 – 9.6 Site #2 – 9.3 Site #3 – 7.9 Fluoride = F ppm max. (hardness <50) 0.3 ppm max (hardness >50) Site # Site # Site # Site #1 – 0.05 Site #2 – 0.08 Site #3 – 0.07 Site #1 – <0.05 Site #2 – <0.05 Site #3 – <0.05

Group 5: Elemental Concentration Will Matous, Sam McInnes, Katy Richards, Theo Truax, Zach Turple

Data Experimental Results: ElementAccepted Value Site #1 Guthrie Site #2 Dogwood Site #3 Balmoral Al.1 mg/L0.172 mg/L0.229 mg/L0.238 mg/L Ca4 mg/L11.2 mg/L11.4 mg/L9.57 mg/L Sn0.008 µg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L

Data 2000/2001 Results: Element Site #1 Guthrie Site #2 Dogwood Site #3 Balmoral Units Al<0.01 mg/L Ca mg/L Sn<2 µg/L

Data % of Accepted Value Present (Experimental Data) Element Site #1 Guthrie Site #2 Dogwood Site #3 Balmoral Al172%229%238% Ca280%285%239.25% Sn2500%5000%1250%

Data % Change from 2000/2001 Results Element Site #1 Guthrie Site #2 Dogwood Site #3 Balmoral Al>1600%>2200%>2300% Ca-2.78%-6.48%-27.80% Sn-(<99%)-(<98%)-(<99.5%)

Group 6: Rate of Water Flow Trenton Cameron, Jon Daigle, Tristan MacLean, Callum Thomas, Jack Thomas

Data LocationWidth Average (m) Depth Average (m) Average Cross-Sectional Area (m 2 ) Site = 0.24 Site = 0.18 Site = 0.18 Calculating Average Cross-Sectional Area

Data LocationTest 1Test 2Test 3Test 4Test 5Average (s) Site Site Site Measuring Travel Time: Orange Test: Ping Pong Test: LocationTest 1Test 2Test 3Test 4Test 5Average (s) Site Site Site

Data LocationAverage Cross Sectional Area (m 2 ) Length of Travel (m) Correlation Factor Average Time (s) Water Flow (m 3 /sec) Site (50 L/s) Site (80 L/s) Site (130 L/s) Calculating Water Flow: Water Flow with Orange: Water Flow with Ping Pong: LocationAverage Cross Sectional Area (m 2 ) Length of Travel (m) Correlation Factor Average Time (s) Water Flow (m 3 /sec) Site (60 L/s) Site (90 L/s) Site (120 L/s)

Data LocationAverage Water Flow (m 3 /sec) Site (55 L/s) Site (85 L/s) Site (135 L/s)

Acknowledgements

Thanks To… North Island Laboratories Project Watershed