CJ 211 UNIT # 1 Seminar WELCOME TO CLASS AND TO KAPLAN UNIVERSITY! YOUR COURSE INSTRUCTOR is Martin Foley

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 2 Welcome My name is Martin Foley and I will be your instructor. I prefer to be called Marty and have a casual attitude in seminars Make sure you can hear me clearly in this seminar. Adjust the sound in your computer if necessary. Participate in seminars. Everyone has something to say so join in

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 3 Assignments Every unit starts on Wednesdays and end the following Tuesday night. All assignments are due at end of each unit on Tuesday evening. Detailed instructions will be posted for every assignment I will help and provide assistance with assignments No plagiarism Don’t forget what you learned in CJ100

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 4 Reminders Stay in touch with the instructor Students always encounter some issues that impact class participation Send or AIM message and keep me informed of any issues Use the virtual office to ask common questions about assignments I am flexible within reason is important for online classes

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 5 Your graded assignments: 1. Introduce Yourself 2. Seminar (30 Points) 3. Discussion question (25 points) 4. Quiz (20 points) Other information for unit one: Read Chapter 1 in Policing America Unit 1 assignments

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 6 Discussion Board Policy Students required to post a minimum of 3 responses 1 main response of 50 words or more discussing the main topic 2 additional responses to other students to provide feedback Read my grade comments

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 7 What’s In It For You? Meet new friends – network Become more tech savvy Recognize the resources available from Kaplan Focus on Law Enforcement as a career

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 8 Just a couple of questions to get us started?

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 9 Where are you taking tonight’s class from?

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 10 What are your career goals?

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 11 What do you think of when you hear the word “sheriff”?

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 12 English and Colonial Officers of the Law Sheriff From the term shire reeve – shire meaning “county” and reeve meaning “agent of the king” Basic source of rural crime control Posse Comitatus

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 13 English and Colonial Officers of the Law Constable Traced back to Anglo-Saxon times Variety of duties, including collecting taxes, supervising highways, and serving as magistrate Constable faced disintegration in the colonies Untrained and believed to be inadequate as officials of the law

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 14 English and Colonial Officers of the Law Coroner Elected office Coroner Inquest to determine cause of death and the party responsible Duties duplicate of Sheriff duties to investigate suspicious deaths Debate over qualifications that are not standard

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 15 The Old English System of Policing American policing can be traced back to English heritage Frankpledge system and tithing grouping men under direction of a constable which led to development of counties Constable was the first police official with law enforcement responsibility greater than protecting neighbors Office of constable declined around 1689

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 16 The Old English System of Policing Corruption of the police led to the decline of the old system due to corruption “trading justice” Early system was voluntary and informal Growth of large cities, crime, and civil disobedience required that the system be changed

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 17 Policing in Colonial America Colonies were free of crime as settlers were busy carving out a farm and a living Only two crime waves during the 1600s County sheriff enforced law and crime was very minimal and given low priority Voluntary policing system failed and wardens appointed to hire watchmen Social and political unrest demanded police action

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 18 Legacies of the Colonial Period Colonists committed to local policing Republicanism that power can be divided and allowed for community input Henry Fielding “thief takers” Onset of the theory of crime prevention Paid professional police officers

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 19 Legacies of the Colonial Period John Fielding Bow Street Runners Patrick Colquhoun Focused on police reform Police should maintain the public order, prevent and detect crime, and correct bad manners and morals Notion of proactive policing

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 20 Police Reform in England and America, Urbanization and industrialization brought about changes in policing in both countries Sir Robert Peel Metropolitan Police Act of 1829 Stressed prevention London Metropolitan Police

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 21 Police Reform in England and America, Not well received by the people of London “Peel’s principles of policing” Many are still relevant to today’s police community Why did people in London resent police? What is the result of poor policing?

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 22 Policing Comes to the United States: The Political Era, 1840s to 1930s Americans saw Peel’s success Reform movement began in New York Reform efforts were dormant until 1841 The mystery of Marie Roget? Police were placed under the control of city government and city politicians Mayor chose recruits

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 23 Early Issues and New Traditions Three important issues in American policing 1.Police uniforms Police did not want to wear uniforms New York City refused to rehire any officer not wanting to wear a uniform

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 24 Early Issues and New Traditions 2.Police officers carrying firearms Public viewed armed police with suspicion 3.Use of force Necessary and commonplace for American officers

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 25 Meanwhile, on the American Front Ethnic groups fought for resources and fought each other Four groups assumed responsibility for law enforcement 1.Private citizens 2.U. S. Marshals 3.Businessmen 4.Town police officers

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 26 The Reform Era: 1900s to 1980s Reformers sought to reject political involvement by the police Civil service systems were created Scientific theory of administration Frederick Taylor Emphasis on production and unity of control

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 27 The Era of August Vollmer Modus operandi Value of scientific knowledge in criminal investigations Police school Leading proponent of police professionalism Insulate the policed from politics

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 28 The Crime Fighter Image O. W. Wilson Police role was redefined and the crime fighter image gained popularity Professionalism came to mean a combination of managerial efficiency and technological sophistication and an emphasis on crime fighting Social work aspects were gone

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 29 The Wickersham Commission Completed the first national study of crime and criminal justice Made many recommendations leading to professionalism in policing What were the major recommendations from this report to improve policing?

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 30 William H. Parker A firm believer in professional crime fighters Transformed LAPD Administrative reorganization How would you define “Thin blue line”?

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 31 A Retreat from the Professional Model 1960s Few inquiries concerning police functions and methods to this point Police resisted outside scrutiny No need to challenge traditional methods Five national commissions attempted to examine police methods during the 1960s and 1970s

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 32 A Retreat from the Professional Model President’s Crime Commission Widely cited Brought policing full circle, back to principles laid out by Robert Peel Focus on community relations

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 33 The Community Era: 1980s to Present Redesign jobs based on motivators Team policing Poorly planned Mid-management personnel threatened Foot patrol became popular Problem-oriented approach to policing

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 34 The Three Generations of COPPS 1. Innovation From 1979 through 1986 Herman Goldstein, James Q. Wilson, George L. Kelling Small-scale experiments provided a source of innovative ideas for others

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 35 The Three Generations of COPPS 2. Diffusion From 1987 through 1994 Community policing adopted quickly Generally limited to large- and medium- sized cities Targeted drugs and fear of crime Emphasis on evaluating outcomes

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 36 The Three Generations of COPPS 3. Institutionalization Began in 1995 and continues today 68% of nation’s police agencies adopted community policing Federal grant money

Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 37 Good Night Class Thank you for the great participation I enjoyed the diverse views and sharing of ideas My ; AIM; martinfoley1