41-3 Bony fishes

I. Circulatory system Delivers oxygen and nutrients to cells of the body Transports wastes of metabolism (carbon dioxide and ammonia) to gills and kidneys for elimination *System Heart, blood vessels, blood arteries carry blood away from heart veins carry blood to the heart capillaries assist

I. Circulatory system 4 chambers of HEART 1. sinus venosus: collecting chamber for deoxygenated blood 2. atrium: contracts and sends blood on 3. ventricle: muscular and main pumping chamber 4.conus arteriosus: contains valves which prevent blood from flowing backwards

I. Circulatory system Blood flow: heart  gills  body  heart arteries arteries veins

II.Respiratory System Water taken in mouth and pumped over gills, water flows across gill filaments and exits behind operculum Blood flows towards head to allow more oxygen to diffuse. This is called counter-current flow and makes gills an efficient organ for gas exchange. Gills and kidneys both work in balance between salt and water in body of fish.

III. Excretory system Elimination of liquid wastes Kidneys filter urine which contains ammonia, ions of sodium and chlorine and water (4) Urinary bladder is the storage place for urine before it is eliminated

IV. Nervous system Brain, spinal cord, and nerves Draw and number (1-6) parts of brain on p. 812, fig olfactory bulb: process smell, detects chemicals in water 2. cerebrum: forebrain, sensory and other types of information 3. optic tectum: midbrain, processes information from fish’s auditory and lateral line systems. Lateral line system is a row of sensory structures that run length of body which detects vibrations 4. cerebellum: hindbrain, coordinates motor output 5. medulla oblongata: hindbrain, passes nerve impulses 6. spinal cord: carries nerve impulses to and from brain

IV. Nervous system

V. Reproduction Eggs produced by ovaries Sperm produced by testes Fertilization is external so many eggs are layed Reproduction is known as spawning