RTW: What will affect a plant’s growth? Objective: I will be able to describe the unique properties of water that allow for life on Earth and set up an experiment. Agenda: – Pre-test: Properties of Water – Mangrove Project (complete 1-3d) Homework: – None Monday, October 5 th

Create a thesis proposal

 You will spend time collecting information on how mangroves grow and what may affect them (positively & negatively) ◦ Think of what environmental (abiotic) factors we’ve discussed:  Temperature  Substrate  Sunlight  pH  Etc….

 You will partner up with one other classmate  Together you will decide on a research proposal and provide an explanation and reasoning why you believe this will be the best way to grow mangroves.  You will follow through with this proposal, setting up the experiment, collecting data, and analyzing your results.  When complete, you will write a conclusion describing your findings and speculating why you got the results you did. How could you improve? What would you do differently?

 Introduction  Literature Research  Thesis  Methods  Data/Analysis  Conclusion

Research Proposal Powerpoint 1.Cover slide (name, experiment title, date) 2.Research question, hypothesis, and rationale 3.Explanation of WHY your research needs to be conducted a)Why is it important? b)How does it help the community? c)How does it increase scientific knowledge? d)Hot topics in science – climate change, evolution, restoration, biodiversity, ecosystem services, etc? 4.Independent and Dependent variables, control (*How will you measure these? What does your data table look like?) 5.Predictions 6.Materials (by groups) 7.Methods 8.Works Cited: APA format! a)Legit websites only!.org,.edu, not wikipedia

Pg. 36 RTW: Why do you think life depends on water? Objective: I will be able to describe the unique properties of water that allow for life on Earth. Agenda: – Properties of Water Lab Answer questions and form an explanation (hypothesis/reason) for what’s happening at each station Homework: – None Tuesday, October 6 th

Pg. 36 RTW: Describe one property of water occurring in this room. Objective: I will be able to describe the unique properties of water that allow for life on Earth. Agenda: – Properties of Water Lab Answer questions and form an explanation (hypothesis/reason) for what’s happening at each station Homework: – None Wednesday, October 7 th

Pg. 36 RTW: Explain one property of water you learned about and give a example of it. Objective: I will be able to describe the unique properties of water that allow for life on Earth. Agenda: – Properties of Water Notes Homework: – None Thursday, October 8 th

pg. 35/37 in ISN

The Water Budget Ocean- 97% of all water on Earth Determines Sea Level Has changed in the last 12,000 years (last Ice Age) Evaporation Condensation Precipitation Transpiration

P ROPERTIES OF W ATER 1.) Water is a POLAR molecule, which have slightly CHARGED regions. Nonpolar molecules do not have charged regions. Water’s unique properties allow life to exist on Earth.

2.) Hydrogen Bonds form between slightly positive hydrogen atoms and slightly negative atoms. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for several important properties of water: a) High specific heat b) Cohesion c) Adhesion

3.) High Specific Heat – hydrogen bonds require a high degree of heat before they break, minimizing temperature changes. 75% of the earth is covered by water. The water serves as a large heat sink responsible for: a)Prevention of temperature fluctuations that are outside the range suitable for life. b)Coastal areas having a mild climate c)A stable marine environment

4.) Cohesion – the property of water molecules being attracted to EACH OTHER. Causes surface tension (how water stays in a drop if you put it on the table instead of spreading out) Makes a skin-like surface over the water Also helps the water go up the capillary tube by pulling the others along.

5.) Adhesion – the property of water molecules being attracted to OTHER types of molecules. Causes “capillary action” The ability of water to crawl up a very skinny tube. This is because the water molecules are being attracted to the molecules of the glass tube.

solution 6.) Universal Solvent = ability to dissolve compounds. Solution is formed when one substance dissolves in another. Solvents (such as WATER) dissolve other substances. Solutes (such as salt or sugar) dissolve in a solvent. “Like dissolves like.” Polar solvents dissolve polar solutes. Nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes. Polar substances and nonpolar substances generally remain separate. Example: water and oil

7.) Density = Mass/Volume (how compact an object is) Above 4ºC density decreases w/ increasing Temperature 4ºC & below- reverses At 0ºC molecules form a crystal structure- Ice Floats!!!!

Density Continued… Salinity increase OR temperature decrease = density increases This is why salt water sinks below fresh water & hot water rises above cooler water Thermocline- a subsurface zone of rapid temperature decrease w/ depth ~ 1ºC/meter Turbidity: measure of how cloudy water is. As turbidity increases, density also increases. Adding materials to water increases mass without increasing volume – therefore density increases.

pH = measure of the hydrogen ions (H + ) in water. An acid releases a hydrogen ion when it dissolves in water. Acids have a high H + concentration and a pH less than 7. A base removes hydrogen ions from a solution. Bases have a low H + concentration and a pH greater than 7. A neutral solution has a pH of 7.

NO RTW! Objective: I will be able to describe the unique properties of water that allow for life on Earth. Agenda: – Continue Properties of Water Lab Complete the conclusion Create a Word Picture of one of the properties of water Homework: – None Friday, October 9 th