CHAPTER TWO THE NEWCOMERS: EXPLORERS, CONQUERORS & SETTLERS

OBJECTIVES IDENTIFY THE EUROPEAN NATIONS THAT SENT THE EARLIEST SETTLERS TO AMERICA. DESCRIBE THREE DIFFERENCES AMONG EUROPEAN COLONIES. NAME THREE REASONS SETTLERS CAME TO THE NEW WORLD. EXPLAIN WHAT THE MAYFLOWER COMPACT WAS.

VOCABULARY CHARTER: AN OFFICIAL GOVERNMENT PAPER GRANTING PEOPLE CERTAIN RIGHTS. CONQUISTADOR: SPANISH CONQUEROR. EMPIRE: A GROUP OF COLONIES OR TERRITORIES RULED BY THE SAME GOVERNMENT. GALLEON: A SPANISH SHIP. LEGISLATURE: A GROUP THAT MAKES THE LAWS.

AMERICA GETS A NAME EUROPEANS SOON HEARD ABOUT COLUMBUS’S DISCOVERY.

AMERIGO VESPUCCI AN ITALIAN THAT SAILED IN 1497 UNDER THE FLAG OF PORTUGAL. INTERESTED IN THE STUDY OF THE STARS. CALLED THE AMERICA A “NEW LAND”.

SPANISH EXPLORERS AND CONQUERORS MANY SPANISH ADVENTURERS CAME TO THE “NEW WORLD” SEARCHING FOR GOLD, SILVER, AND JEWELS. THEY MADE DISCOVERIES IN THE NAME OF SPAIN.

HERNANDO CORTES SPANISH EXPLORER WENT TO MEXICO AND FOUND THE EMPIRE OF THE AZTECS. CORTES WAS GREETED AS A WHITE GOD. CORTES WAS REALLY FOUND TO BE GREEDY. CORTES AND HIS SOLDIERS DESTROYED THE AZTEC CITIES AND STOLE THEIR TREASURES. IN 1521 HE BECAME THE RULER OF THE LAND.

FRANCISCO PIZARRO ANOTHER CONQUISTADOR CONQUERED THE INCAS OF PERU SPAIN WAS NOW BECOMING A WEALTHY NATION.

SPANISH EXPLORERS SOON THE SPANISH HEARD OF RICH LANDS IN THE NORTH, NOW CALLED THE UNITED STATES.

JUAN PONCE de LEON WAS ONE OF THE FIRST EXPLORERS TO VISIT THE US. HEARD STORIES OF A “FOUNTAIN OF YOUTH”. HE FOUNDED FLORIDA.

CORONADO HE EXPLORED TEXAS, NEW MEXICO, ARIZONA, AND KANSAS. HIS TRAVELS GAVE SPAIN CLAIM TO LARGE SECTIONS OF THE US

HERNANDO de SOTO WAS THE FIRST EUROPEAN EXPLORER TO SEE THE MISSISSIPPI. FORCED THE MUSKOGEE TRIBE OUT OF THEIR LAND AND USED THEM AS SLAVES. DeSOTO DIED ON HIS EXPLORATION

ST. AUGUSTINE & SANTA FE ST. AUGUSTINE THE OLDEST CITY IN THE US. A CITY OF FLORIDA SANTA FE A CITY IN NEW MEXICO THAT IS CONSIDERED THE 2 ND OLDEST CITY IN THE US.

SPANISH RULE THE SPANISH TRIED TO LIVE A LIFE IN THE US LIKE THE ONE THEY LIVED IN SPAIN. NATIVE AMERICANS LIVED IN POVERTY. THEY BROUGHT SLAVES FROM AFRICA TO HELP WITH WORK IN THE US.

FRENCH EXPLORERS THE FRENCH SENT CARTIER TO SEARCH FOR AN EAST-WEST PASSAGE TO THE PACIFIC OCEAN. HE DISCOVERED THE ST. LAWRENCE RIVER INSTEAD. HE FOUND AND CLAIMED CANADA FOR THE FRANCE.

FRENCH COLONIES THE FRENCH CALLED THEIR LANDS NEW FRANCE. THE FRENCH GOT ALONG WELL WITH THE NATIVE AMERICANS. MADE FAIR TRADES AND DID NOT FORCE ANY WORK OR TRADE.

REVIEW WHY DID THE FRENCH COME TO THE NEW WORLD? NEW LANDS EAST-WEST PASSAGE TO PACIFIC OCEAN FUR TRADING CHRISTIANITY TO THE NATIVES

REVIEW HOW DID THE FRENCH TREAT THE NATIVE AMERICANS? THEY GOT ALONG WITH THEM DIDN’T FORCE TRADE

ACTIVITY IN YOUR GROUPS PICK TWO EXPLORERS AND WRITE A SUMMARY ABOUT THEM. WHAT DID THEY DO? WHAT DID THEY DISCOVER? WHAT WHERE THEY? WHO DID THE REPRESENT? WHAT DID THEY TAKE?

ACTIVITY GROUP 1 COLUMBUS CORTES GROUP 2 DeSOTO POUNCE De LEON GROUP 3 CORONADO PIZARRO GROUP 4 JOLIET MARQUETTE PAGE 20