زبان ماشين و اسمبلي – درس سوم مروری بر ساختار پردازنده پنتیوم

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Presentation transcript:

زبان ماشين و اسمبلي – درس سوم مروری بر ساختار پردازنده پنتیوم زبان ماشين و اسمبلي – درس سوم مروری بر ساختار پردازنده پنتیوم دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی - مشهد یاسرعلمی -زمستان 1385

اهداف درس آشنایی با واحدهای سازنده یک سیستم کامپیوتری برسی جزئیات واحد های اصلی بررسی نحوه اجرای دستورات تعداد اسلاید: 22 2

تکنولوژی های ساخت لامپ خلاء ترانزیستور مدارات مجتمع (با چگالی پایین) ریزپردازنده( مدارات مجتمع با چگالی بالا) 3

انواع مدارات مجتمع SSI MSI LSI VLSI 4

بلوک دیاگرام کامپیوتر پایه CPU Input Output Memory 5

اجزاء داخلی CPU Control Unit Input Output Register File CU ALU Arithmetic & Logic Unit Memory 6

واحد محاسبه و واحد منطق Input Output Register File CU AU LU Memory Arithmetic Unit Input Output Register File CU AU LU Logic Unit Memory 7

واحد حافظه Input Output Register File CU AU LU RAM Memory ROM NVM 8

مدل وان - نیومن Input Output Register File CU AU LU data Code 9

حافظه نهانcache Input Output Register File CU AU LU Cache Memory data Code 10

حافظه نهان مجزا برای داده و کد Input Output Register File CU AU LU Data cache Instruction cache data Code 11

گذرگاه های خارجی Input Output Register File CU AU LU Data cache Instruction cache data Code 12

گذرگاه های داخلی Input CU Output Register File AU LU Data cache Instruction cache data Code 13

روال اجرای دستورالعمل واکشی Fetch کدگشایی Decode اجرا Execute 14

واکشی اجرای ترتیبی استفاده از پایپ لاینpipeline 15

رده های مهم از خانواده 80x86 8086 80286 40386 80486 Pentium 16

ALU 8086 processor 16bit 16bit 16 bit data Addr ess 16 bit 20 bit 8087 Coprocessor MAIN MEMORY 1MB 17

ALU 80286 processor 16MB Memory manager (virtual memory) 16bit 16bit data Addr ess 16 bit 24 bit 80287 Coprocessor MAIN MEMORY 16MB 18

ALU 80386 processor 4GB Memory manager (virtual memory) 32bit 16bit data Addr ess 32 bit 32 bit 80387 Coprocessor MAIN MEMORY 4GB 19

ALU 80486 processor 4GB Memory manager (virtual memory) 32bit 16bit 80387 Co-Processor Cache Memory 8KB data Addr ess 32 bit 32 bit MAIN MEMORY 4GB 20

ALU1 ALU2 Pentium processor 4GB Memory manager (virtual memory) 32bit Pre-Fetch Unit Data Cache 8KB Instruction Cache 8KB Co-Processor Jump Prediction data Addr ess 32 bit 32 bit MAIN MEMORY 4GB 21

سازگاری سازگاری رو به عقب مودهای اجرایی حالت حقیقی real حالت محافظت شده (protected) 22

سوال ؟ 23