Microprocessors BY Sandy G

History of microprocessors In 1968, Robert Noyce, Gordan Moore, Andrew Grove resigned from Fairchild Semiconductors The first microprocessor was developed by what was then a small company called Intel(short for Integrated Electronics) in the early 1970s. The chipset was a success and within a short while Intel developed a general purpose 4 bit microprocessor called the 4004.

In 1974 the more powerful second generation microprocessor (the 8008) was announced fabricated as a single chip. This was quickly followed by the Intel 8080. Both the 8008 and the 8080 operated from a single +5v power supply (using NMOStechnology). At about the same time Motorola released its first microprocessor, the 6800, which was also an 8 bit processor with about the same processing power as that of the intel 8080.

INTEL 4004 It was a 4-bit μP. It had clock speed was 740KHz. Intel 4004 was introduced in 1971. It was a 4-bit μP. It had clock speed was 740KHz. It had 2,300 transistors. It could execute around 60,000 instructions per second.

8 bit &16 bit μP INTEL 8008 INTEL 8080 INTEL 8085 INTEL 8086

INTEL 8008 Introduced in 1972. It was first 8-bit μP. Its clock speed was 500 KHz. Could execute 50,000 instructions per second. INTEL 8080 It was 10 times faster than 8008.

32 bit μP INTEL 80386 INTEL 80486 INTEL PENTIUM INTEL PENTIUM PRO INTEL PENTIUM II INTEL PENTIUM II XEON INTEL PENTIUM III INTEL PENTIUM IV INTEL DUAL CORE

INTEL PENTIUM IV Introduced in 2000. It was also 32-bit μP. Its clock speed was from 1.3 GHz to 3.8 GHz. L1 cache was of 32 KB & L2 cache of 256 KB. It had 42 million transistors.

INTEL DUAL CORE Introduced in 2006. It is 32-bit or 64-bit μP. It has two cores. It supported SMT technology. SMT: Simultaneously Multi-Threading E.g.: Adobe Photoshop

64 bit μP INTEL CORE 2 DUO INTEL CORE I7 INTEL CORE I5 INTEL CORE I3

INTEL CORE 2 DUO Introduced in 2006. It is a 64-bit μP. Its clock speed is from 1.2 GHz to 3 GHz. It has 291 million transistors. It has 64 KB of L1 cache per core and 4 MB of L2 cache.

INTEL CORE I7 Introduced in 2008. It is a 64-bit μP. It has 4 physical cores. Its clock speed is from 2.66 GHz to 3.33 GHz. It has 781 million transistors. It has 64 KB of L1 cache per core, 256 KB of L2 cache and 8 MB of L3 cache. 29

THANK YOU…!