Coastal Zone Color Scanner CZCS Wayne E. Esaias Goddard Space Flight Center Oceans and Ice Branch October 27, 2004.

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Presentation transcript:

Coastal Zone Color Scanner CZCS Wayne E. Esaias Goddard Space Flight Center Oceans and Ice Branch October 27, 2004

CZCS A Proof of Concept, Demonstration First Visible scanner optimized to look at the dark oceans. Limited duty (alt days to SMMR), 2% data to L2. Complemented SeaSAT scatterometer, imager, altimeter. -How well can satellite data be used to identify and quantify material suspended and dissolved in ocean waters? -Can this information help advance our understanding of oceanic processes, and the role of the ocean in the earth system. -Highly successful

James Acker

CZCS Nimbus Experiment Team (CZCS NET) Frank AndersonNRIO, South Africa John ApelJohns Hopkins Univ., APL Roswell AustinScripps Inst. Oceanography Dennis ClarkNOAA/NESS Sayed El-SayedTexas A & M Howard GordonU. Miami Warren HovisNOAA/NESS James MuellerGSFC & San Diego State Boris SturmJoint Res. Center, Ispra Robert WrigleyNASA Ames Charles YentschBigelow Laboratory Associates, Alternates Added Later W. EsaiasNASA GSFC C. McClainNASA GSFC E. BakerU. Washington P. Schlittenhardt? H. Vander PiepenDFVLR

MAJOR ADVANCES Technology Spectral Bands, Depolarizer, Tilt worked Challenging radiometry - still is Atmospheric correction - clear water, dark target Need for SNR, calibration, stability Importance of vicarious calibration Importance of digital image processing Bio-Optics Biological Responses related to Physical Regimes Inverse methods, with an under-determined system First order assumptions work pretty well, most of the time, but there are important limitations. Gelbstoffe, sediment scattering, pigments

MAJOR ADVANCES Global Science Provided first-ever synoptic sampling for biology. Revolutionized the perception of the marine biosphere. Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (Carbon) Variability and Magnitude of Photosynthesis in the Ocean is Comparable to Terrestrial Systems Operational Needs Feature Tracking Transparency - Visibility Fisheries Harmful Algal Blooms

Pre-launch Gulf of Mexico Cruise, R/V GYRE Sayed El-SayedEd Baker Dennis ClarkAl Strong Peter SchlittenhartBob Wrigley

Orinoco River Plume: nutrients > algae organic matter ocean currents Biological Physical Dynamics Phytoplankton Dynamics Ocean Carbon Flux

Tasmania Gene Feldman ancolor/classic_scenes/00_cl assics_index.shtml

Gulf Stream Location & Dynamics Acid Waste Dump, New York Bight James Acker ancolor/classic_scenes/00_cl assics_index.shtml

from Oceanography from Space Brochure 2/84 U. Miami/GSFC

Original standard L-2 Product - Film b&w positive Begin full global, digital products in 1985

North Atlantic May, 1981 CZCS Global Processing (land NDVI -AVHRR) Gaps on monthly periods

Nov 78 - June 81 Composite

CZCS February Climatology

MORE EVIDENCE OF SUCCESS

SeaWiFS BIOSPHERE

MODIS AQUA July 2002-Sept. 2004

CZCS defines the beginning of the Ocean Biosphere Time Series Gregg et al. find evidence for a -6% decrease globally. Gregg W. W., M. E. Conkright, P. Ginoux, J. E. O'Reilly, N. W. Casey, Ocean primary production and climate: Global decadal changes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30 (15), 1809, doi: /2003GL016889, 2003.