INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON TANKER SAFETY, POLLUTION PREVENTION & SPILL PREPAREDNESS 国际油轮安全、防污和 溢油整备研讨会 Thursday, 8th December 2005, Four Seasons Hotel, Shanghai 时间： 2005 年 12 月 8 日，星期四；地点：上海四季大酒店 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON TANKER SAFETY, POLLUTION PREVENTION & SPILL PREPAREDNESS 国际油轮安全、防污和 溢油整备研讨会 Thursday, 8th December 2005, Four Seasons Hotel, Shanghai 时间： 2005 年 12 月 8 日，星期四；地点：上海四季大酒店 Tanker Safety and Pollution Prevention 油轮安全和防污染

国际油轮安全、防污和 溢油整备研讨会 时间： 2005 年 12 月 8 日，星期四；地点：上海四季大酒店 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON TANKER SAFETY, POLLUTION PREVENTION & SPILL PREPAREDNESS Shanghai 8 December 2005 Port Entry Issues 进港事宜 Peter M Swift Managing Director, INTERTANKO International Association of Independent Tanker Owners 国际独立油轮船东协会

The world’s economies depend on oil transportation by sea 世界经济依赖于海上石油运输 World Oil Consumption 3.7 billion ts World Oil Consumption 3.7 billion ts Transported by sea 2.3 billion ts Transported by sea 2.3 billion ts > 60% transported by sea. > 60% transported by sea.

The world needs tankers 世界需要油轮

Chinese net oil imports – mbd 中国石油进口净量（百万桶 / 天）

Reliable and efficient delivery 可靠及有效的石油输送

Development of tanker oil spills 油轮溢油统计 Source: ITOPF. Number of spills above 700 tonnes.

Accidental oil pollution from tankers and tanker trade 油轮运输及事故导致的油污 Source: ITOPF, Fearnleys

Reported tanker incidents (1978 – 2005) 报道的油轮事故（ ）

Designers Shipbuilders Equipment Suppliers Class Charterers Operator/Manager Financiers / Guarantors Owner Chain of Cooperation 合作环节 Cargo Owners Brokers P&IHull insurers Ports & Terminals Coastal States Waterways authorities Flag states Bunker suppliers Pilots Tug operators Labour providers Salvers Repairers Paint Suppliers Agents Spill Response Cash Buyers Ship Breakers Regulators

POSEIDON CHALLENGE 海神的挑战 POSEIDON CHALLENGE -“STRIVING FOR ZERO” The Poseidon Challenge is an invitation to all participants in the Chain of Responsibility to join INTERTANKO members in a sustained commitment to CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT. It is founded upon the principle that the shared goals of “zero accidents”, cleaner seas and the elimination of the sub-standard can best be achieved by voluntary, cooperative and self motivated efforts. ZERO fatalities, pollution, detentions ! Singapore March 2006

Information sharing and analysis - improved learning 信息共享及分析 – 改进认知 Many examples with potential to improve safety Analysis of Port State Control data Identification of potentially sub-standard operations for use by insurers In-service experience of hull, machinery and systems for designers, builders and class Fire and explosion avoidance in chemical carriers and Analysis of serious incidents to avoid tanker accidents

T anker incidents 年油轮事故 13 involving pollution, largest approx. 1,000 ts dwt tankers involved : 27 below 10, ,999 dwt ,999 dwt 23 <100,000 dwt Age tankers involved : 30 built 1970s or earlier 38 built 1980s 40 built 1990s 28built 2000s, 4 unknown Hull & Machinery: * 11 engine * 4 hull * 16 other

Port Entry Issues 进港事宜 Collisions, contacts and groundings in general but also particular issues in some ports Disregard of standard international practices Language difficulties General communication problems with local maritime safety administrations

Terminal operations and terminal vetting 港口运作及港口评价 Safety and environmental issues at Terminals Examples Water depth Equipment failures Operational procedures Fire-fighting equipment shortcomings Waste reception facilities Communication problems Etc.

Reception facilities 港口接收设施 Facilities to be: Adequate Affordable Accessible and thus help to: Avoid illegal discharges Industry has established Industry Reception Facilities Forum

Inspection overload 检查种类繁多 ALL SHIPS Flag State Classification Society ISM Port State P&I ADDITIONALLY FOR TANKERS OCIMF-SIRE CDI Terminals USCG – TVEL/LOC Extra PSC (Targeting) Extra Flag State - CAS Extra Class - CAP Extra P&I

International Regulation - environmental benefits 国际规则 – 有益于环保 International industry requires international governance structures International Conventions supported by Industry, including: Anti-fouling Convention MARPOL Annex VI – Air pollution Ballast Water Management Convention Industry also supports international regimes for the compensation of victims of spills IOPC (CLC/FC/SF) HNS Convention Bunker Convention

Conclusions 结论 We have many safety and environmental protection initiatives We have a commitment to continuous improvement Port entry issues deserve more attention “Working together we can make a difference” 精诚合作，将别有一番气象

Thank you 谢谢大家