7.2 Cell Structure Cytoplasm = portion of the cell outside the nucleus – found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells Organelles “little organs”

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Presentation transcript:

7.2 Cell Structure Cytoplasm = portion of the cell outside the nucleus – found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells Organelles “little organs”

Organelles Nucleus = Holds genetic information – found in all eukaryotic cells – contains chromatin (DNA), nucleolus, nuclear envelope

More Organelles Vacuoles = store materials (water in plants) – found in eukaryotic cells Vesicles = store and move materials between organelles and the cell surface – found in eukaryotic cells

More Organelles Lysosomes = break down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small particles that can be used by the cell, they also break down “old” organelles – found in eukaryotic cells

More Organelles Cytoskeleton = helps the cell maintain shape and helps with movement – Made of microfilaments and microtubules – found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

More Organelles Centrioles – found in eukaryotic cells – help with cell division – found next to the nucleus

More Organelles Ribosomes = where proteins are assembled – found in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

More Organelles Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) – found in eukaryotic cells 2 types – 1. Smooth ER – enzymatic functions 2. Rough ER – has ribosomes on its surface, makes proteins

More Organelles Golgi Apparatus (Golgi Body) – modifies sorts, and packages protein (post office) – found in eukaryotic cells

More Organelles Chloroplast – capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy – Contain chlorophyll – makes a plant green – Found in eukaryotic plant cells and some protist cells

More Organelles Mitochondria – converts energy – found in eukaryotic cells

More Organelles Cell Wall – protection – found in prokaryotic cells and plant cells

More Organelles Cell (plasma) membrane – regulates what enters and leaves the cell (bouncer) Made of a lipid bilayer (phosphorous & lipids) (phospholipid)

Cell Membrane Lipids Hydrophobic – Afraid of Water Hydrophilic – Love Water Fluid Mosaic Model – Proteins embedded in layer make it look like art Layer is selectively permeable – can chose what enters and leaves.