INSPIRE and Linked Data : what are the complementarities? INSPIRE Conference – Istanbul Tutorial/discussion on linked data – june 24th Bénédicte Bucher – IGN France 0

Try to browse together some complementarities … think of what we can do to enhance complementarities 1

INSPIRE « INSPIRE is based on a number of common principles: Data should be collected only once and kept where it can be maintained most effectively. It should be possible to combine seamless spatial information from different sources across Europe and share it with many users and applications. It should be possible for information collected at one level/scale to be shared with all levels/scales; detailed for thorough investigations, general for strategic purposes. Geographic information needed for good governance at all levels should be readily and transparently available. Easy to find what geographic information is available, how it can be used to meet a particular need, and under which conditions it can be acquired and used. » 2 ( )

Linked data “ We are surrounded by data – data about the performance of our locals schools, the fuel efficiency of our cars, a multitude of products from different vendors, or the way our taxes are spent. By helping us make better decisions, this data is playing an increasingly central role in our lives and driving the emergence of a data economy. [..] This raises three key questions: – How best to provide access to data so it can be most easily reused? – How to enable the discovery of relevant data within the multitude of available data sets? – How to enable applications to integrate data from large numbers of formerly unknown data sources? Just as the World Wide Web has revolutionized the way we connect and consume documents, so can it revolutionize the way we discover, access, integrate and use data.” Heath and Bizer, 2010, “Linked Data: Evolving the Web Into a Global Data Space“ 3

Linked data “ We are surrounded by data – data about the performance of our locals schools, the fuel efficiency of our cars, a multitude of products from different vendors, or the way our taxes are spent. By helping us make better decisions, this data is playing an increasingly central role in our lives and driving the emergence of a data economy. [..] This raises three key questions: – How best to provide access to data so it can be most easily reused? – How to enable the discovery of relevant data within the multitude of available data sets? – How to enable applications to integrate data from large numbers of formerly unknown data sources? Just as the World Wide Web has revolutionized the way we connect and consume documents, so can it revolutionize the way we discover, access, integrate and use data.” Heath and Bizer, 2010, “Linked Data: Evolving the Web Into a Global Data Space“ 4 The same objectives but from different perspectives ? INSPIRE would be more from geodata providers and Linked Data would be more from Web content consumers

… same objectives but different technos ? 5 Dereferencing a URI Making a SparQL query - Presentation - Content (RDF) - Cartographic visualisation - Content (GML, …) Classification mechanisms (OWL) Shared vocabularies Interconnexions : Classification mechanisms (OWL) Shared vocabularies Interconnexions : Linked data Catalogues Federated schema Federated styles? Integration modules to detect and correct inconsistencies between geometries Catalogues Federated schema Federated styles? Integration modules to detect and correct inconsistencies between geometries INSPIRE WMS, WFS,.. Requests Contents, Possibly structured reusing common vocabularies Contents, Possibly structured reusing common vocabularies Data in a federated schema APIs INTEGRATION LAYER CONTENT

There is way to technical glue. Beyond technical glue, there are important challenges like URIs and some other things … 6

Integration, interconnexion INSPIRE : – catalogues, visual overlay, accross Europe. – Geolinking services to connect statistics to geographical units  Provide geographic units through interfaces familiar to Linked Data hackers GI Science : – data matching and fusion, relations evaluated on demand based on coordinates  Improve Linked data interconnexion mecanisms with spatial criteria Linked data : – publish interconnexions Shared vocabularies.  Reuse Semantic Web vocabularies in INSPIRE annexes – A better handling of semantics (classification)  Get the best from RDF and OWL classification and integration capacities (in catalogues) 7

Licensing Linked Open Data : – deliver raw data under open licence (unlike INSPIRE, unlike Google maps, unlike 4square, … but rather like OSM) INSPIRE : – visualisation is free, – « it should be easy to find under which conditions data can be acquired or used » – data.gouv initiatives (related to « opendata ») – need for clues to evalue the performance of SDI and the value added by a piece of geo information in the SDI.  Opportunities on sharing our thoughts and experience to understand which is the best licence, what is the economic model that will support data update (see next slide) 8

The chain of value, authority 9 Extract from Scott Brinker blog : 7 business models related to Linked Data 1. Subscription model. Some data will be valuable enough that you can charge people a subscription to access it. This model has been around for a while, but it will gain new life as linked data standards make it easier for people to consume and mash-up data in novel applications. 2. Advertising model. [..] Contextual ads and sponsorships. One interesting twist will be advertisers who pay to include information in raw data feeds, data-layer ads if you will. 3. Authority model. If anyone can publish data on the web, how will you know what data is good? [..] an opportunity for third-party "authorities" to validate data [..] 4. Affiliate model. [..]Embedding affiliate links in data, so that they are activated when surfaced into end-user applications [..] 5. Value-Add model. Useful data can be bundled with other [..] 6. Traffic model. [..]data can be used to boost the visibility and ranking of sites[..] 7. Branding model. Data branding can use data [and the vocabularies] to position and promote a company’s worldview.

INSPIRE and Linked Data : what are the complementarities? 10 Thank you for your participation. Any question?