Turbo-charged biofuel output: Moving beyond the easy sugars to access the entire plant biomass The only way to produce biofuel economically is to convert the entire biomass—not just the easy sugars— of the targeted feedstock to biofuels

The Key to Success is Having the Right Microbe for the Job Oleaginous microbes for the production of oil as a feedstock for drop-in fuels

Advantages: No molecular biology necessary Simultaneous growth optimization Rapid and robust selection Experimental Evolution with BioTork Technology

Growth rate Lipid production Target temperatures Toxic compounds Carbon sources Real world biomass Successfully Evolved Traits

Maximizing energy yield from sweet sorghum

Why sweet sorghum? Can be planted in ⅔ of the US Tolerates poor soil, salt, dry climates 50% less water, nitrogen than corn Annual crop, two harvests per year Fast growing, short time to harvest Large quantities of both “easy sugars” and biomass

Juice “Easy Sugars”: sucrose, glucose, fructose Protein, other carbs Bagasse Solubles “Easy Sugars”: residual monosaccharides, starch Protein, other carbs Bagasse Insolubles “Hard sugars”: cellulose, hemicellulose Lignin Carbon Sources in Sweet Sorghum

Evolved Oleaginous Microbes on Each Component Juice Bagasse Solubles/Insolubles

Corn Ethanol Sweet Sorghum Ethanol Sweet Sorghum Green Diesel (juice only) Sweet Sorghum Green Diesel (w/bagasse) Biofuel Yield gal/acre Energy Yield 1000 MJ/acre Incremental Value $/acre 0(84) Yield and Revenue Potential

Highest yield for same input feedstock Simple fermentation technology Reduced waste Distributed biorefineries using local feedstock Rural development With BioTork Technology: The right microbe for the job

Opening the door to other agricultural by- products: Future Developments With BioTork Technology: Agricultural residues (stover, straw) Biodiesel-derived waste glycerol Woody biomass Seed cake Stillage Fruit culls

Thank You…..