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Born: 19 January 1736 Died: 19 August 1819 Birthplace: Greenock, Scotland

James watt working  Crude steam engines were used before Watt's time, but they burned large amounts of coal and produced little power. Their reciprocating motion restricted their use to operating pumps.

 Watt was born on Jan. 19, 1736, in Greenock, Scotland. He was the son of a shopkeeper and carpenter. When Watt was 18, he went to Glasgow and then to London to learn the trade of a mathematical instrument maker. In 1757, Watt became instrument maker at the University of Glasgow.

AT A GLANCE:

James Watt's improvements in 1769 and 1784 to the steam engine converted a machine of limited use, to one of efficiency and many applications. It was the foremost energy source in the emerging Industrial Revolution, and greatly multiplied its productive capacity. Watt was a creative genius who radically transformed the world from an agricultural society into an industrial one. Through Watt’s invention of the first practical steam engine, our modern world eventually moved from a 90% rural basis to a 90% urban basis.