 starter activity How do you remember the colours of the rainbow? Read the description of Conservatism by Neil McNaughton. Itemise 6 key features of the ideology and create an acronym to help you remember them.

Conservatives are Pragmatic Pragmatic Prefer status quo Prefer status quo Prefer reform rather than reformation Prefer reform rather than reformation Respect tradition & lessons of past Respect tradition & lessons of past Individualistic Individualistic Supporters of social order & security as basic human needs (more than freedom, rights & equality) Supporters of social order & security as basic human needs (more than freedom, rights & equality)

What are the origins of conservatism? Identify key conservative values To trace origins of conservative ideology around world Study the role of Edmund Burke in the evolution of conservative ideas Analyse key features of conservatism  Aims

 Your task Read p of Heywood and note how Conservativism has developed in different countries. Read p of Heywood and note how Conservativism has developed in different countries.

USA Politics of USA more progressive as a result of independence from Britain and isolation from Europe Politics of USA more progressive as a result of independence from Britain and isolation from Europe 1970s & 80s, Republicans e.g. Ronald Reagan & southern Democrats, conservative revival 1970s & 80s, Republicans e.g. Ronald Reagan & southern Democrats, conservative revival Growth of New Right under Bush Growth of New Right under Bush Ronald Reagan, US President in 1980s

Britain Edmund Burke, ‘Reflections on the Revolution in France’ (1790) Edmund Burke, ‘Reflections on the Revolution in France’ (1790) C19th Tory replaced by ‘Conservative ‘ as opposition party to Whigs C19th Tory replaced by ‘Conservative ‘ as opposition party to Whigs Conservatism associated with steady reform rather than revolution Conservatism associated with steady reform rather than revolution Revival of right – Thatcherism, New Labour Revival of right – Thatcherism, New Labour Edmund Burke Margaret Thatcher

Europe Continental Europe, conservatives evolved from protectors of monarchy to defenders of post- war democracy, e.g. Christian Democrat Party Continental Europe, conservatives evolved from protectors of monarchy to defenders of post- war democracy, e.g. Christian Democrat Party

Africa, Asia & Latin America Conservatives associated with resistance to change, e.g. Peron (Argentina), Khomeini (Iran) Conservatives associated with resistance to change, e.g. Peron (Argentina), Khomeini (Iran) Japanese Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) exception – close links private sector Japanese Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) exception – close links private sector Khomeini Peron with his wife Eva

 Your task List the reasons for the success of conservativism List the reasons for the success of conservativism

Reasons for success Appeal to traditionalists Appeal to traditionalists Clear policies - pragmatic Clear policies - pragmatic Ability to adapt to changing circumstances Ability to adapt to changing circumstances Appeal to human nature Appeal to human nature Openness – conservatism can be interpreted in different ways Openness – conservatism can be interpreted in different ways Moderate e.g. change by reform rather than revolution – broad appeal Moderate e.g. change by reform rather than revolution – broad appeal

 Your task Read Heywood, p and complete a chart similar to the one below identifying the key features of conservativism. Read Heywood, p and complete a chart similar to the one below identifying the key features of conservativism. Tradition Human imperfection Organic society Hierarchy & authority Property

 Your task Below is a list of key conservative thinkers. Research and write a CV for one of them: Below is a list of key conservative thinkers. Research and write a CV for one of them: Edmund Burke Edmund Burke Benjamin Disraeli Benjamin Disraeli Michael Oakeshott Michael Oakeshott

 Essay How have conservatives justified private property? (June 2004, 20 marks) How have conservatives justified private property? (June 2004, 20 marks)