Chapter 7-1 Life is Cellular

Early Microscopes Robert Hooke looked at a thin slice of cork, from the cork oak tree Coined the term “cells”; looked like the rooms of a monastery (many empty boxes)

Anton van Leeuwenhoek looked at pond water he was amazed by tiny living organisms

Developing the Cell Theory Matthias Schleiden Concluded that plants were made of cells

Theodor Schwann Concluded that animals were made of cells

Rudolf Virchow Concluded that cells must come from dividing cells

Cell Theory: 1) All living things are composed of cells 2) Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things 3) New cells are produced from existing cells.

Name of Instrument: Compound Light Microscopes Magnify 1500x (what we’ll use!) Use a series of lenses to magnify objects in steps. Today researchers tag molecules with fluorescence and follow their path through the cell. Exploring the cell – Microscopes (what we skipped in Chapter 1)

ProkaryotesEukaryotes Find us!!

Electron Microscopes – 150,000x magnification Transmission Electron Microscopes (TEM) – explore cell structures and large proteins Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM) – scan of surface of specimen; 3D images

Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes All cells: Have a plasma membrane Contain DNA

Two broad categories: Eukaryotes - contain nucleus; “eu” means true Prokaryotes- no nucleus; “pro” means before

Eukaryotes HAVE NUCLEUS Larger, more complex Plants, animals, fungi, and protists

Prokaryotes NO NUCLEUS Smaller, simpler Bacteria

ProkaryotesCommon to BothEukaryotes  pro=__________  generally smaller  less complicated  no  Ex: Bacteria  contain __________   Eu= ___________  Generally larger  Contain membrane bound organelles (“little organs”)  Ex: beforetrue Membrane bound organelles Plants, animals, fungi, and protists DNA Cell membrane

Click:Eukaryotic Cell vs. Prokaryotic cell Nucleus No nucleus Membrane bound organelles Endosymbiotic Theory