CIRCULATORY SYSTEM System of vessels and/or spaces through which blood and/or lymph flows in a human.
Circulatory system Has three (3) main parts: A. the heart B. blood vessels C. blood
A. The Heart 1. Main pump of the circulatory system 2. MOVES Blood THROUGH the BODY 3. Surrounded by a loose-fitting sac called the pericardium. 4. Has four chambers: RIGHT & LEFT ATRIA, RIGHT & LEFT VENTRICLE
The Heart AORTA Left atrium Pulmonary artery Pulmonary artery Right atrium (contains the pacemaker - sends electric impulses that causes heart muscles to contract) Pulmonary vein Left atrium Left Ventricle - pumps O2 rich blood to the body. Right ventricle: pumps blood from the heart to the lungs Septum-thick muscle that separates right half of heart from left half.
VALVES: Flaps of connective tissue between the atria and ventricles that keep blood moving through the heart in one direction.
Blood Flow in the Heart
2 Pathways of Circulation blood FLOW between the heart & lungs Pulmonary
Carries blood between the heart & the rest of the body Systemic Carries blood between the heart & the rest of the body
B. BLOOD VESSELS - 1. Arteries - vessels that carry blood AWAY from the heart. 2. Capillaries - thin-walled blood vessels in which most of the exchange of gas, nutrients & wastes takes place. 3. Veins - vessels that RETURN blood to the heart. Have valves
B. Vessels Artery Capillary Vein
measure of the force that blood exerts against a vessel wall Blood Pressure measure of the force that blood exerts against a vessel wall
C. BLOOD: - A liquid tissue consisting of plasma and blood cells in a suspension. - Transports nutrients, dissolved gases, enzymes, hormones & waste products
Blood Cells Red blood cells (erythrocytes) MOST NUMEROUS, DISK-SHAPED, CARRIES O2 TO ALL CELLS IN THE BODY, HEMOGLOBIN White blood cells (leukocytes) LARGER IN SHAPE THAN RBC BUT FEWER IN NUMBER, HELP FIGHTS DISEASE
YELLOWISH LIQUID PART OF BLOOD - 90% WATER & 10% PLASMA PROTEIN, DISSOLVED FAT, SALT AND SUGAR platelets (AID IN CLOTTING)
Four Blood Types Type A Type B Type AB (Universal Receiver) Type O (Universal Donor)
A B AB O Blood Type Recipient Blood Type or Donor Unsuccessful Transfusion Successful Transfusion
LYMPH VESSELS Superior Vena Cava A network of vessels that collect fluids lost by blood & returns it to the circulatory system. It produces special white blood cells. Thymus Heart Spleen Lymph nodes Lymph Vessels
Disorders Stroke HYPERTENSION Low blood pressure Heart Attack
HYPERTENSION- (“high blood pressure”) ATHEROSCLEROSIS- NARROWED ARTERIES DUE TO PLAQUE (FATTY DEPOSITS), CAN CAUSE HEART ATTACK OR STROKE. HYPERTENSION- (“high blood pressure”) occurs when the force of blood pumping through vessels is too great. Anemia - when the blood transports too little oxygen.
SICKLE-CELL DISEASE Red Blood Cells are misshapened causing blood cells to “CLOG” vessels. Hereditary Leukemia - a form of cancer where bone marrow produces immature stem cells in large numbers & releasing them into the bloodstream.
TAKING CARE OF THE HEART