MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS BY 2015

 On September 8th, 2000, the 189 nations of the general assembly of the United Nations (UN) reaffirmed their commitment to working toward a world.  The historic promise 189 world leaders made at the UN Millennium Summit in 2000 to meet the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by  The MDGs are an eight-point road map for improving the lives of the world´s poorest people.

 Review progress, shortfalls & challenges in achieving MDGs.  Lessons learned for accelerating progress in achieving the MDGs & key success factors.  Recommendations for action.

Goal 1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Goal 2. Achieve universal primary education Goal 3. Promote gender equality and empower women Goal 4. Reduce child mortality Goal 5. Improve maternal health Goal 6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases Goal 7. Ensure environmental sustainability Goal 8. Develop a global partnership for development

Target 1.A: Income Poverty  People whose income is less than $1 a day. Target 1.B: Decent work for all  Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people. Target 1.C: Hunger  People who suffer from hunger

 Progress on poverty reduction in China.  Sub-Saharan Africa & in parts of Asia, poverty & hunger remains stubbornly high.  Reduced access to food because of high food prices.  117 countries for which data is available, 63 are on track to meet MDGs.  Lack of progress in creating jobs.  300 million new jobs will need to be created.

Target 2.A: Primary schooling  Ensure that, by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling.

 Enrollment in primary education has increased fastest in Sub-Saharan Africa.  126 million children are still involved in hazardous work & remain out of school.  In equalities continue to pose major barriers.

Target 3.A: Girls’ education  Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education. Beyond target 3.A: Other rights of women and girls  Guarantee women’s and girls’ property and inheritance rights.  Strengthen opportunities for post-primary education for girls.  Guarantee reproductive rights.  Increase women’s share of seats in national parliaments.  Eliminate gender inequality in employment

 The root causes of gender disadvantage lie in societal attitudes.  The share of national parliamentary seats held by women has increased slowly.  The gender gap in primary schooling has narrowed & in secondary schooling has widened.  Participation of women in labor force has increased.  Significant gender gap in wages.  Women failed to get decent jobs in Middle east & South Asia.  Violence against women remain major blight on humanity every where.

Target 4.A: Infant mortality and children’s rights  Reduce by two thirds, the under-five mortality rate.

 Deaths among children under 5 years of age have been reduced.  Lack of progress in reducing deaths during the first month after birth.

Target 5.A: Reduce maternal mortality ratio  Reduce by three quarters, the maternal mortality ratio. Target 5.B: Reproductive health  Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health

 Reproductive health services remains poor.  Skilled health workers increased but little progress in reducing maternal deaths.  Adolescent pregnancy rates have declined but highest in Sub-Saharan Africa.  Unsafe abortions continue to account for 1 out of 8 maternal deaths.

Target 6.A: Halt and reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS Target 6.B : Achieve, by 2010, universal access to treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those who need it. Target 6.C: Reverse the incidence of Malaria & other diseases.

 Antiretroviral therapy for HIV increased.  Access to services are most pressing in Sub-Saharan Africa where prevalence of HIV is highest.  Burden of tuberculosis remains high.  Progress in increasing malaria control interventions.

Targets 7.A & 7.B: Sustainable development  7.A Reverse the loss of environmental resources.  7.B Reduce biodiversity loss.

 Limited progress on environmental sustainability.  Rate of growth of CO2 emission is higher.  Net deforestation rate has decreased.  The rate of bio diversity loss has increased.

Goal 8 contains a number of specific commitments on increasing aid, market access for the poorest countries, debt relief, access to essential drugs, technology transfers, and taking particular account of the needs of small island States and landlocked countries.

 Climate changes  Current Crisis  Humanitarian crisis.  Addressing the special needs of most vulnerable

STATEMENTS

In many countries $1.25 a day may not be enough for the poor to be able to afford basic goods for survival. Furthermore, poverty involves more than just a lack of income or a daily struggle for basic sustenance. The international community has regularly affirmed that poverty is not confined only to economic deprivation but extends to social, cultural and political deprivation as well. Primer HR-MDGs

UNICEF identifies a number of key actions for achieving gender equality in education, “abolishing school fees, encouraging parents and communities to invest in girls’ education, and creating girl-friendly schools that are safe and without bias. School curricula must also impress upon teachers and students the importance of gender equality, and address male bias in the classroom. One way to help eliminate bias is to increase the number of female teachers in the classroom.” Claiming the Millennium Development Goals: A human rights approach

 MDGs are an important step for human development but the progress so far shows that there is not remarkable success in achieving these goals because of lack of resources, International co-operation & reliability of data.  Redressing with gender inequality one of the most difficult goals to achieve because of societal attitudes, norms & power structures. It has been reported through variety of media that alliances are formed with like-minded stake holders & key national institutions to show false data.  Poverty is not simply a lack of material goods and opportunities such as employment, ownership of productive assets and savings. It is also the lack of physical and social goods, such as health, physical integrity, freedom from fear and violence, social belonging, cultural identity, organizational capacity, the ability to exert political influence, and the ability to live in respect and dignity.