Welcome Back Let’s review: What is psychology. Psychology The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. –Uses scientific research methods. –Behavior.

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Presentation transcript:

Welcome Back Let’s review: What is psychology

Psychology The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. –Uses scientific research methods. –Behavior includes all observable behavior. –Mental processes include thoughts, feelings and dreams.

The Roots of Modern Psychology Module 1: Introduction, History, Perspectives, and Careers

Wilhelm Wundt ( ) The “father of psychology” Founder of modern psychology Opened the first psychology lab in 1879

E.B. Titchener ( ) Analyzed the intensity, clarity and quality of the parts of consciousness Founder of structuralism

Structuralism Studied the basic elements (structure) of thoughts and sensations.

Gestalt Psychology The whole is different from the sum of its parts. Integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes.

William James ( ) First American psychologist Author of the first psychology textbook Founder of Functionalism

Functionalism Emphasized studying the function of consciousness and how consciousness helped people adapt to their environment.

G. Stanley Hall Established the first psychological research laboratory in the US Founded the first psychological journal Founded the APA

Mary Whiton Calkins Researched dreams, memory, and personality First female president of the APA Never received degree from Harvard

Sigmund Freud ( ) Founder of the psychoanalytic perspective Believed that abnormal behavior originated from unconscious drives and conflicts

Freud’s Influence Influence on “pop culture” –Freudian slips –Anal-retentive Influence on psychology –Psychodynamic theory –Unconscious thoughts –Significance of childhood experiences

Ivan Pavlov ( ) Russian Physiologist Studied learning in animals Emphasized the study of observable behaviors

John B. Watson ( ) Founder of behaviorism Studied only observable and objectively described acts Emphasized objective and scientific methodology

John B. Watson, a godfather of American behaviorist psychology, tests the grasp reflex in a baby, circa

B.F. Skinner ( ) Behaviorist Focused on learning through rewards and observation

Abraham Maslow ( ) Developed theory of motivation Hierarchy of needs

Carl Rogers ( ) Founded the school of humanistic psychology

Careers in Psychology Module 1: Introduction, History, Perspectives, and Careers

Basic Research Pure science or research Research for the sake of finding new information and expanding the knowledge base of psychology

Clinical Psychologist Diagnose and treat patients with psychological problems Largest number of professional psychologists

Applied Research Research designed to solve specific practical problems

The End