E-Poster Price Vision Group & Cornea Research Foundation of America Descemet - Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty :Survival Outcomes in Eyes with Pre-

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Presentation transcript:

e-Poster Price Vision Group & Cornea Research Foundation of America Descemet - Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty :Survival Outcomes in Eyes with Pre- existing Glaucoma Arundhati Anshu,MD; Marianne O. Price, PhD; Francis W. Price, MD. Financial Disclosures: Abbott Medical Optics – A, Addition Technology – A, Alcon Laboratories – A, Allergan – A, Calhoun Vision Inc – R, Cellular Bioengineering – A, Forsight Vision 3, Inc. – A, Inspire Pharmaceuticals – A, ISTA Pharmaceuticals – A, Moria, S.A. – E, Oculus – A, OPHTEC – A, ReVital Vision – R, TearLab – R, Voisin Consulting - A

e-Poster Introduction There is complex interaction between factors influencing outcomes of corneal transplants and glaucoma management. Glaucoma is recognized as a risk factor for penetrating keratoplasty failure, and conversely, grafts are a risk factor for both the development and deterioration of glaucoma. The Australian Corneal Graft registry and several other large series have reported that glaucoma and/or glaucoma surgery is associated with increased risk of graft failure in full thickness corneal transplants. Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK), has been widely adopted for the treatment of endothelial disorders. DSEK in eyes with trabeculectomy and shunt devices can be technically challenging and requires technique modifications to achieve good outcomes. While the long-term survival of PKs in these high-risk eyes is less than favorable, the same is not known for DSEK. Price Vision Group & Cornea Research Foundation of America Descemet - Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty :Survival Outcomes in Eyes with Pre- existing Glaucoma

e-Poster To evaluate long-term survival outcomes of DSEK in eyes with pre-existing glaucoma. Price Vision Group & Cornea Research Foundation of America Descemet - Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty :Survival Outcomes in Eyes with Pre- existing Glaucoma Purpose

e-Poster Price Vision Group & Cornea Research Foundation of America Descemet - Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty: Survival Outcomes in Eyes with Pre- existing Glaucoma A retrospective interventional case series Parameters Evaluated Presence or absence of pre-existing glaucoma Type of glaucoma surgery Graft survival in eyes with and without glaucoma Graft survival in eyes with glaucoma surgery Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria: Patients undergoing their first DSEK for endothelial dysfunction. Materials and Methods The cumulative probability of graft survival was calculated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log rank test.

e-Poster Price Vision Group & Cornea Research Foundation of America Descemet - Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty: Survival Outcomes in Eyes with Pre- existing Glaucoma Results N = 350 consecutive eyes Mean age: 69 years (S.D – 12; Range – years) Female:Male::241:109 Pre-operative diagnosis: Fuchs endothelial dystrophy (314, 90%) and corneal edema from other causes (36, 10%) Eyes with pre-existing glaucoma: 45 (12.5%) Eyes with prior glaucoma surgery: 13 (Trabeculectomy – 5; Shunt procedure – 8) Demographics

e-Poster Results Price Vision Group & Cornea Research Foundation of America Descemet - Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty: Survival Outcomes in Eyes with Pre- existing Glaucoma Overall, 12/335 eyes without prior glaucoma surgery failed (3.5%) 2 of 5 eyes with a prior trabeculectomy failed (40%) 5 of 8 eyes with a prior shunt procedure failed (63%) Graft failure rates

e-Poster Results Price Vision Group & Cornea Research Foundation of America Descemet - Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty :Survival Outcomes in Eyes with Pre- existing Glaucoma Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the overall graft survival at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years was 98%, 97%, 95%, 94%, and 93% respectively. Graft survival in eyes with medically managed glaucoma was 100%, 96%, 96%, 91% and 91% at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years respectively and this was not statistically different from eyes without pre-existing glaucoma (5-year survival 95%, P=0.48) as seen in Figure 1 below. Graft survival –medically managed glaucoma Figure 1

e-Poster Results Price Vision Group & Cornea Research Foundation of America Descemet - Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty : Survival Outcomes in Eyes with Pre- existing Glaucoma In eyes with pre-existing shunt surgery, graft survival was 100% at 1 year, 84% at 2 years, 76% at 3 years, 56% at 4 years and 30% at 5 years and this was statistically significant when compared to eyes without prior shunt surgery (5-year survival 94%, p<0.0001) as depicted in Figure 2. Graft survival – eyes with shunt surgery Figure 2

e-Poster Discussion and conclusion Price Vision Group & Cornea Research Foundation of America Descemet - Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty: Survival Outcomes in Eyes with Pre- existing Glaucoma In eyes undergoing a penetrating keratoplasty (PK), it has been well documented that glaucoma surgery affects graft survival adversely. Glaucoma surgery generally indicates more severe glaucoma and a failure of medical therapy, and issues such as anterior chamber shallowing, and increased inflammation are all prejudicial to graft survival. Trabeculectomy is accompanied by the use of antimetabolites that are toxic to the corneal endothelium, which, combined with the known decrease in endothelial cell density after intraocular surgery, could predispose to endothelial failure. It has been demonstrated in previous studies that the blood– aqueous barrier is transiently disrupted after trabeculectomy leading to increased immune- modulatory and/or inflammatory molecules in the anterior chamber that could cause graft rejection and failure.

e-Poster Discussion and conclusion Price Vision Group & Cornea Research Foundation of America Descemet - Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty :Survival Outcomes in Eyes with Pre- existing Glaucoma Disruption of the blood–aqueous barrier is also produced by tube- shunt devices, and this could lead to an increased rate of rejection and hence graft failure. Drainage tube implants may damage the corneal endothelium by mechanical means or by permitting retrograde entrance of inflammatory cells into the anterior chamber, and increasing the risk of rejection and hence graft failure. The results of this study show that similar to PK, glaucoma surgery was a significantly negative predictor of graft survival in eyes undergoing DSEK, with the cumulative 5-year graft survival in eyes with prior glaucoma shunt surgery being 30% compared to 94% in eyes without prior glaucoma shunt surgery (p<0.0001).