Initial literature survey M. Shuaib Karim Institute of Software Technology and Interactive Systems Vienna University of Technology – Austria

Introduction 1.Presentation Title: Initial literature survey of the concerned Domain (Accessibility and usability of semantic web systems) 2.Objective: To make an initial literature survey and try to come up with a viable and feasible research proposal 3.Estimated duration: 15 Minutes

Presentation Outline 1.Material Studied 2.Issues, problems highlighted 3.State of the art 4.Some thoughts

Material Studied a.Sources: Digital libraries ACM, W3C, WAI, ELSEVIER, KLUVIER and other internet sites b.Topics: Impairments, Accessibility (for disabled, universal usability, legislation, issues, agents), Guidelines (ATAG, WCAG), Tools (authoring, testing), Assistive technology, Ontology, RDF, User interfaces (adaptive, context aware, multilayer design, multi-device, multi-modal, designing for dynamic diversity), Interface objects (design, mapping), Online help, User profile (URI, UCI – see ETSI site), Spatial knowledge in sighted and blinds,...Impairmentsuniversal usabilityATAGWCAGAssistive technology Ontology, RDFETSI site

Issues, problems highlighted a.All people don‘t have same capabilities b.Multiple device, multiple applications scenario c.Systems are traditionally designed for a perfect, normal, young person d.A significant human population has accessibility problems (visually impaired, physically handicapped, cognitive disabilities, children, aged people, illiterate, inexperienced, etc.)

Issues, problems highlighted Contd... e.GUI has worsened the scenario for many f.Significant users dissatisfaction over dynamic, intelligent interfaces in past g.Focus to accessibility becomes mandatory (human, legal, financial aspects) h.Multimedia, ubiquitous computing, assistive technology opens new avenues

Issues, problems highlighted Contd... i.Risk of putting all the users on the same learning track as that of visually perfect users. j.Risk of vertical knowledge deceleration with universal equal accessibility.

State of the art!! Ideas currently being implemented which provide `limited` accessibility with limited products. Idea of providing multi modal universal accessibility with a broader set of products is relatively new. A number of forums, organizations have already been created for this purpose

Some Thoughts To contribute in providing universal accessibility of the semantic web, in conformance with the accessibility guidelines, the Info. across mutiple domains should be integrated and used effectively. URI must incorporate the concept of UHI (like UCI in Telecommunication domain). It will point to personalized unique profile of everybody. Profile should be managed jointly by the owner, personal physician(s) and / or as a result of dynamic interaction with the system. It should contain the scaling / grading of all the capabilities / skills (motor, sensory, perceptual, cognitive,...) of the user. Likewise, every device / application should maintain the interaction facilities, features, components which it offers.

Some Thoughts Contd... Besides other characteristics, each interaction object (atomic or composite) should also have its accessibility characteristics. When user logs in, the interface, interaction of the product should be dynamically configured according to his / her URI profile stored at some central server. However, it can also be made semi automatic. To accomplish the above points, higher level conceptual schemas and mapping functions are required. It should be possible for the user to fine tune the interface, interaction mechanism. Consequently, the concerned profiles should be changed for future use.

b. Impairments Visual: Blindness, low vision, color blindness Hearing: Deafness, Hard of hearing Physical: Motor, missing limb Speech: Dumb, difficulty producing speech Cognitive & neurological: Dyslexia (learning disability), attention deficit disorder, memory (STM, missing LTM, loss of language), seizure disorders,... Multiple: combination of disabilities Aging-related conditions:.... Back to ´1. Material Studied´

b. Principles of universal usability Equitable use Flexibility in use Simple and intuitive use Perceptible information Tolerance for error Low physical effort Size and space for approach and use Back to ´1. Material Studied´