Blood lab.

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Presentation transcript:

Blood lab

Blood composition Plasma – fluid, gives volume contains antibodies Platelets – helps in clotting of blood White blood cells – used in defense against foreign invaders Red blood cells – carry oxygen Blood after it has been centrifuged

Blood Genetics THREE TWO FOUR SIX In blood type genetics*, there are: ____________ genes OR alleles that Produce ____________ blood proteins that Result in ____________ blood types that Establish ____________ genotypes THREE TWO FOUR SIX *See wkst #4

TERMS TO KNOW Protein- antigen (ag) or agglutinogens Antibodies- agglutinin- fight against foreign particles Coagulation: Blood clotting Agglutination: Blood clumping RBC = Red blood Cell

RBC Has Antigens

Blood Groups Are Based On RBC Antigens (Ag) ‘A’ Ag Rh+ Antigen

Blood Groups: B+ and B- ‘B’ Ag Rh+ Antigen

Blood Groups: AB+ and AB- ‘A’ Ag ‘B’ Ag Rh+ Antigen

Blood Groups: O+ and O- Rh+ Antigen

Plasma Has Antibodies http://www.lrc.arizona.edu/courses/mmiweb/lake/immunology_modules/hemagglutination/hema2.html

Remember RBC Has Antigens

Antibodies Can Bind To Antigens

Clumping of Blood

RBC Antigen (Agglutinogen) A B Plasma Antibodies (Agglutininins) Possible Genotypes: AA AO BB BO AB OO RBC Antigen (Agglutinogen) A B None Plasma Antibodies (Agglutininins) Anti – B Anti – A both Reaction with Anti – A YES Reaction with Anti – B NO YES NO NO YES YES NO

RECIPIENT DONOR + + - - + + - - + + + - - - - - Type A (anti B) Type B (anti A) Type AB (none) Type 0 (anti A & Anti B) A B AB O DONOR - + - + + - - + + + - + - - - -

Rh Factor RR, Rr rr yes no anti Rh no Blood Type Positive Negative Genotype(s) Antigens (yes or no) Agglutinins (antibodies) RR, Rr rr yes no anti Rh no Moms that have Rh negative blood will have antibodies/ fight against a baby with the Rh protein (positive).

1st Baby Is Rh + ; Mom is Rh - Baby’s blood enters mom’s blood, transferring Rh+ Antigens to mom

1st Baby Is Rh +; Mom Is Rh - Mom Makes Antibodies against Rh+ Antigens In Her Blood

2nd Baby Is Also Rh + Mom’s Antibodies Attack The RBC’s In The 2nd Baby

Erythroblastosis Fetalis

Anti Rh + Antibodies (Rhogam)

Rhogam Destroys Rh + Antibodies In Mom

1st Baby Is Rh + Rhogam prevents Mom From Making Antibodies against Rh+ Antigens

2nd Baby Is Also Rh + With Rhogam, Mom’s Blood Does Not Attack The RBC’s In The 2nd Baby

Jaundice in Infants Complications Due to ABO Incompatibility Are Rare!

TYPE O TYPE A TYPE B TYPE AB RXN NO RXN TYPE O TYPE A TYPE B TYPE AB http://waynesword.palomar.edu/aniblood.htm