1 11-SOCIAL MARKETING. ACUTE POWER SHORTAGE IN INDIA, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO MAHARASHTRA & MUMBAI.

2 Demand, Supply, and Deficit of Power in Different States in India for the Period April 2006 to January 2007( In MW). STATE.Demand for Electric Power. Availability.Surplus/DeficitPercentage. Maharashtra.17, , % Chhattisgarh.2,2571, % Gujarat11,6198,110-3, % Madhya Pradesh. 8,0906,404-1, % Diu-Daman % Dadra-Nagar Haveli % Goa % Andhra Pradesh 9,1678, % Karnataka6,1305, % Kerala.2,7132, % Tamilnadu8,6098, %

3 Region wise Status of Demand, Supply and Deficit of Power (in MW)-January REGION.Demand for Electric Power. Availability.Surplus/ Deficit. Percentage. North Zone.29,34425, % Western Zone. 35,45126, % Southern Zone. 24,34422, % Eastern Zone9,9239, % North Eastern Zone. 1,1761, % India-as a whole. 1,00,23884, %

4 Action Plan for Reducing/Wiping out the Electric Power Deficit in Maharashtra (in MW) Detail Demand for Power. 14,99615,99317,05718,19119,40120,691 Power Available. 9,95411,26913,60714,12615,32618,716 Increase in Capacity Planned. 1,3152, ,2003,3905,956 Total Capacity. 11,26913,60714,12615,32618,71624,672 Deficit.-3,727*-2386* ,981

5 Why Load-Shedding In Maharashtra? Although in the earlier slide, the Deficits of Power in Maharashtra have been shown as 3727 MW and 2386 MW during the years & respectively, the Actual Power Deficit during the above Two years have been around 5500 MW. This is mainly due to the sudden increase in the Demand and Failure of availability of Additional Power Planned due to delays in Implementing the Projects and some Technical Problems. Rainfall has been good during the above two years, hence water was available all over the State and Electric Pumps are working overtime full blast. Cities are Expanding and Developing very rapidly. New Construction Work, Malls, IT Companies, Petrol Pumps etc all have Great Appetite for Electric Power. In order to overcome Load –Shedding, Inverters are prescribed and bought in large numbers. They Suck in Power at the time of Recharging. Also more and more New Connections are provided to Customers year after year.

6 Why Load-Shedding in Maharashtra? (Cont’d). The Demand for Electric Power far Exceeds the Supply, which has adversely affected the Frequency of supply, which has become unstable; going below 49 Hertz on many Occasions. Under such circumstances, Supply has to be switched off Compulsorily, in order to prevent damage to the Electrical Equipment. This has happened Five Times in December 2005, Twice in January 2006; while in December 2006 this happened 273 times and 425 times in January 2007! The Transmission and Distribution Losses are Estimated at 33.39%, due to old and outdated Transmission and Distribution Systems. Maharashtra Government has planned to invest about Rs Crores to improve the Capacity and Efficiency of the Distribution System. Government has Empowered MAHAVITARAN (Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Co Ltd), MAHATRANSCO (Maharashtra State Electricity Transmission Co Ltd, MAHAGENCO (Maharashtra State Power Generation Co Ltd) to take necessary actions.

7 Actions Taken by Maharashtra Government to Overcome Power Shortage. To Modernize and Increase the Capacity Utilization of Existing Power Generating Plants (13,452 MW). To reduce the Transmission and Distribution Losses, which is currently as high as 33.39%. During the year 2007 this loss was reduced by 3.25%. Load-Shedding is a Temporary and an Emergency measure. Planning for Additional Electric Power Generation as shown in the next slide. Requesting Industries to use their Captive Power to the extent of 20%, instead of solely relying upon Government. Requesting Public in general to reduce Power Consumption. Giving License to Private Organizations to Generate and Distribute Electric Power.

8 Maharashtra-Additional Power Generation Planned-up to ) : Project:Capacity (MW)Ownership. Uran Expansion 1 700State. Parali do- Paras do- Total ) Khaparkheda Exp 500State. Uran Expansion do- Bhusaval Exp do- Bhusaval Renovation 250 -do- Parali Renovation 250-do- Bhusaval Expansion 500-do- Paras Renovation 250-do- Koradi Expansion 800-do- TOTAL 3390-do-

9 Maharashtra-Additional Power Generation Planned up to 2012 (Cont’d). 3) :Project:Capacity (MW)Ownership Chandrapur.800State. Koradi800-do- Dhopave.800-do- Long Term Private Proj2,000-do- Dhopave800-do- Mundhra Maha Project.256Central Gov’t Lanco500Private. TOTAL5956_________

10 What Public in General Can Do to Fight Power Shortage. 1) Do not Waste Electric Power. One Unit of Power Saved Equals One Unit of Power Generated. 2)Switch off Lights, Fans, Air Conditioners, and all Electric/Electronic Equipments like TV, Computers etc when not required. 3)Use Energy Efficient Equipments ( Refrigerators, Washing Machines, etc). 4)Keep the Thermostats of ACs at the reasonably desired temperature and not at the freezing temperature. 5)Use Compact Fluorescent Bulbs instead of Incandescent Light Bulbs, since they consume only a Quarter of Power & last 10 times longer. 6)Use Hot Water Geysers most Judiciously. Alternatively use Gas Run Geysers. 7)Switch of the Main Switch of TVs/Computers before going to sleep at night, instead of only putting it off through the remote. 8)Use alternative Natural sources of Energy like Solar Energy, Wind Energy etc instead of Electric Energy. Use Solar Water Heaters instead of Electric Geysers. 9)Report theft of Electricity by undesired elements to Authorities. 10)Reduce, Reuse, & Recycle: Producing New Paper, Glass, and Metal Products from Recycled Materials saves 70% to 90% of Power and Pollution.