Civil War, Part II How does the war effect civilians? How does the South sink to it’s knees?

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Presentation transcript:

Civil War, Part II How does the war effect civilians? How does the South sink to it’s knees?

War on the Homefront Lincoln and Davis suspend habeas corpus –allowed gov’t to hold citizens w/out formally charging them w/ a crime N & S impose conscription (draft men army) 180,000 African Amer. fight for N –Segregated regiments, major discrimination POWs die in prisons (disease, starvation) Women = army nurses Confederate econ.: Inflation rises 7,000%! Congress (U.S.) collects income tax for 1 st time!

Gettysburg 1863 Most decisive battle 90,000 Union troops vs. 75,000 Confederate troops 23,000 Union soldiers and 25,000 Confederate soldiers died Confederate army retreated South “Gettysburg Address”, speech made by Lincoln dedicating a cemetery (see page 177)

Battle at Gettysburg & Lincoln’s Address July 1-3, 1863 Gen. Lee vs Gen. Meade Gen. Lee loses 23,000 Union casualties (dead + wounded) 28,000 Confed. casualties November 1863: Lincoln delivers Gettysburg Address –Dedication of cemetery

Vicksburg, MS – July 4, 1863 Gen. Grant attacked and starved the town. –Confed’s surrender Grant was appointed commander of all Union armies.

Gen.’s Grant & Sherman wage Total War 1864, Grant apptd. William Tecumseh Sherman as commander of Mississippi division of U.S. Army. 1864: From Georgia to the Atlantic, Sherman’s men burn everything. 25,000 freed slaves follow him N

Lincoln re-elected in 1864 Lincoln thought he’d lose – people sick of war and casualties Grant & Sherman victories inspire the North Lincoln wins election!

April 3, 1865 The War Ends Un. troops take Richmond, VA (Con. Capital) Lee Appomattox Court House, VA Grant and Lee meet Terms of surrender were generous Confederate soldiers were permitted to return home

Human Effects The Union Army: 2,500,000 to 2,750,000 men. –Battle deaths:110,070 –Disease, etc.:250,152 –Total: 360,222 The Confederate Army: 750,000 to 1,250,000. –Battle deaths:94,000 –Disease, etc.:164,000 –Total: 258,000

Effects of Civil War Federal Gov’t became stronger Economic gap widens b/t North and South War technology develops –Rifle, soft-lead bullets (more destructive) –Ironclad ship 13 th Amendment, Dec. 1865: Outlaws slavery and indentured servitude

Lincoln Assassinated

Lincoln’s Assassinated April 14, 1865 at Ford Theatre in Washington John Wilkes Booth (a Southern sympathizer) shot Lincoln in the back of the head. He was caught and killed 12 days later.