Kick Off: Key Terms Monsoons (p. 94) Citadel (p. 95) Vedas (p. 96) Rajas (p. 96) Varnas (p. 97) Castes (p. 97) Hinduism (p. 99) Karma (p. 99) Moksha (p. 100) Dharma (p. 100) Jainism (p.102)

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Compare Judaism and Zoroastrianism Create a Venn-Diagram on the religion of the Persians and Israelites using page 49 and 53. In common Judaism Zoroastrianism

Geography The Old Kingdom The Middle Kingdom The New Kingdom Egypt travel brochure

Religion Mummificatio n & Burial Daily Life Ancient Egypt Name Block Date

Egypt brochure Travel around the room to the different stations. At each station, read about a component of Ancient Egypt. Take notes (Bullet points!!) in the appropriate section of your brochure. Include a visual for each section. This will be graded!

Chapter 4.1 Early India and Hinduism

Objectives: Day 9, Sept. 9, 2013 Understand how early civilizations arose in the Indus River Valley Analyze the rise of Hinduism and its evolution in ancient India

India’s Geography Indus River: flows across NW of Indian subcontinent Three Major Geographic Zones ◦ Northern Mountains ◦ Southern Deccan Plateau ◦ Northern Plains Heavy rains carried by monsoons ◦ Seasonal winds ◦ Indians depended on them for crops

Indus Valley Civilization Civilizations arose around 2500 B.C.E. Well planned and carefully laid out ◦ Roads on a grid ◦ Sewage systems Citadel: fortress that enclosed important buildings Economy focused on agriculture and trade Began to decline around 2000 BC

Quick Quiz Name Date 1. From what river did India get its name? 2. What is the term for the weather system that brings India heavy rains in the summer and cold, dry weather in the winter? 3. List one accomplishment of the Indus River Civilization.

The Vedic Period Aryans (noble) took over after 2000 Uncertain whether they developed in India or moved from Europe Vedas: sacred writing detailing history and society

Vedic Society Settled in groups under leaders known as rajas ◦ War leader responsible for protecting people Society divided into four social classes called varnas ◦ Eventually divided further into castes Prayed to eternal spirit (Indra) ◦ Worshiped through fire sacrifices and hymns

Hinduism One of oldest world religions, still practiced No founder

Basic Hindu Beliefs Brahman: eternal being that created and preserves the world ◦ Human mind incapable of comprehending b/c people themselves are aspects ◦ Devas: various manifestations of Brahman Believe in continual pattern of birth, death, and rebirth ◦ Reincarnation ◦ New life determined by karma ◦ Moksha: escape from cycle of rebirth  Done through completing dharma  Spiritual responsibilities

Sacred Texts and Practices Many texts sorted into one of three categories ◦ Vedas ◦ Writings inspired by Vedas ◦ Sacred epics Religious practices vary ◦ Meditation ◦ Yoga

Jainism Group of Hindus broke away in 500 B.C.E. Thought Hindus put too much emphasis on rituals Gave up worldly possessions to achieve moksha Believed strongly in nonviolence ◦ Ahimsa ◦ Practiced by Hindus but not as strictly Told truth and avoided stealing Don’t harm animals

Using pg. 102, create a Venn Diagram (Double- Bubble Map) comparing/contrasting Jainism & Hinduism. Jainism vs. Hinduism

Ancient India Videos Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 Part 5