Carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are made from CARBON, HYDROGEN and OXYGEN Plant cell walls depend on the structural role of some carbohydrates They STORE.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Advertisements

Carbohydrat Biochemistry AULANNI’AM BIOCHEMISTRY LABORATORY BRAWIJAYA UNIVERSITY.

Biological Molecules ‘what you need to know!’.

THE MACROMOLECULES OF LIFE Macromolecules are polymers (many units) ; molecules built from one or a few kinds smaller molecules called monomers. POLYMERS.

Macromolecules.

Chapter 5: Macromolecules

Biochemistry: Carbohydrates

Biological Molecules Carbohydrates. III. Carbohydrates include sugars, starches, and cellulose A. carbohydrates contain only the elements carbon, hydrogen,

compounds that contain carbon are called______________ Organic.

compounds that contain carbon are called______________ Organic.

MCC BP Based on work by K. Foglia Chapter 5. Macromolecules.

AP Biology Macromolecules. AP Biology Macromolecules  Smaller organic molecules join together to form larger molecules Macromolecules  4 major classes.

BIOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT MOLECULES - Carbohydrates.

MacromoleculesNovember 5 — 9, 2012 Categories of Macromolecules What are Four Types of Macromolecules? Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids.

Biological Molecules ‘what you need to know!’ Mr R Hardy.

Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are:  Carbohydrate.

Carbohydrates Lab 6. Carbohydrates  Carbohydrates are compounds of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O). Usually found 1C:2H:1O. Usually grouped as.

AP Biology Chapter 5. Macromolecules. AP Biology Macromolecules  Smaller organic molecules join together to form larger molecules.

OH H H HO CH 2 OH H H H OH O Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are composed of C, H, O carbo - hydr - ate CH 2 O (CH 2 O) x C 6 H 12 O 6 Function: Energy storage.

Chapter 5 An Introduction to Carbohydrates. Key Concepts Sugars and other carbohydrates are highly variable in structure. Monosaccharides are monomers.

WJEC GCE BIOLOGY Carbohydrates 2.6. WJEC GCE BIOLOGY Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are made from CARBON, HYDROGEN and OXYGEN FUNCTION 2:Plant cell walls.

Macromolecules Lipids Carbohydrates Proteins Nucleic Acids

Macromolecules 4 major classes of macromolecules: carbohydrates lipids proteins nucleic acids.

Carbohydrates Source of energy OrganicMonosacchardies Disacchardies Polysaccardies Starchy foods; potatoes, pasta, rice C, H, O atom (CH²O)n.

Lets Carb Up!!!. Carbohydrates - Composition Made of… (Hint: look at the name) Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen.

OH H H HO CH 2 OH H H H OH O Carbohydrates energy molecules.

AP Biology Macromolecules  Smaller organic molecules join together to form larger molecules  macromolecules  4 major classes of macromolecules:

Carbohydrates.  The study of biological molecules is called molecular biology  Closely linked with biochemistry, the study of the chemical reactions.

Building Carbohydrates. Build a Molecule With your group, build a molecule of glucose using the molecular model kit. Key Hydrogen: white Oxygen: red Carbon:

CARBOHYDRATES Characteristics of Carbohydrates Consist of carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen Energy containing molecules Some provide structure Basic building.

AP Biology Chapter 5. Macromolecules. AP Biology Macromolecules  Smaller organic molecules join together to form larger molecules.

Turn in both BioZone and Bozeman Carbohydrate. Chapter 2.1: Carbohydrates.

AP Biology Carbohydrates CARBOHYDRATES Elements  Carbon  Hydrogen  Oxygen  (2 hydrogen:1 oxygen) Subunit  Monosaccharide NOTE: Ring Shape!

Carbon Structures, Carbohydrates, and Related Reagent Tests.

Carbohydrates, Proteins and Lipids

Biochemistry, Organic Molecules

Unit 1 : Chemical basis of life

Biochemistry: Carbohydrates

Building Blocks of Life

Carbohydrates Simple Sugars.

II- Organic molecules Organic molecules are those that: 1) formed by the actions of living things. 2) have a carbon backbone. Each organic molecule.

CORE PRINCIPLES Biological molecules.

What inorganic compounds are essential to living things?

II- Organic molecules Organic molecules are those that: 1) formed by the actions of living things. 2) have a carbon backbone. Each organic molecule.

Carbohydrates Page 44.

Biological Molecules.

CHAPTER 5: The Structure & Function of Macromolecules

For Premedical Students

General Animal Biology

An Introduction to Carbohydrates

Biological Molecules.

Carbon & Carbohydrates

Carbohydrate: Model Post Activity

Part II: Carbohydrates

For Premedical Students

Carbohydrates!(2.3). Carbohydrates!(2.3) What are Carbohydrates? And more.

Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.

For Premedical Students

General Animal Biology

The molecules that form life

For Premedical Students

THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF MACROMOLECULES

The Structure and Function of Macromolecules

pH Warm-up A, B, D, F C, E, G F G B B E G F

Meet the Macromolecules!

Carbohydrates By: Yuleydy Uribe.

Presentation transcript:

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are made from CARBON, HYDROGEN and OXYGEN Plant cell walls depend on the structural role of some carbohydrates They STORE ENERGY in plants and animals MONOSACCHARIDES CARBOHYDRATES POLYSACCHARIDESDISACCHARIDES

(CH 2 O) n Monosaccharides Monosaccharides are small organic molecules used as bulding blocks for more complex carbohydrates. Click each of the blue boxes to work through the slide. General Formula What does the ‘n’ stand for? Number of Carbon atoms So, when n=3 TRIOSE, e.g. glyceraldehyde - In metabolic reactions When n=5 When n=6 HEXOSE, e.g. glucose - main source of energy PENTOSE, e.g. ribose – formation of nucleic acid

Isomerism in Glucose C 6 H 12 O 6 CH 2 OH Alpha-glucose beta-glucose Show structural change Oxygen Hydrogen Carbon Hydroxide (OH)

GLUCOSE MALTOSESUCROSE GLUCOSE Disaccharides A disaccharide can be made from two of the same monosaccharide molecule or from two different ones. Disaccharides form when two monosaccharide units join forming a glycosidic bond, by a condensation reaction. The combination of monosaccharides determines which disaccharide is formed. MONOSACCHARIDESDISACCHARIDE FRUCTOSEGALACTOSE WATER LACTOSE GLUCOSE

O OH Forming Disaccharides C C C CO C H OH H H CH 2 OH H H C C C CO C H OH H H CH 2 OH H H C C C CO C H OH H H CH 2 OH H H C C C CO C H OH H H CH 2 OH H H O HH

Polysaccharides Polysaccharides are large complex molecules known as POLYMERS. Monomers are the individual monosaccharides which join to form the polysaccharide. Polymerisation is the process of bonding many MONOMERS by condensation reactions to form one large molecule. Polysaccharides MonomerGlycosidic bond GLYCOGEN α Glucose 1-4 and 1-6 STARCH α Glucose 1-4 CELLULOSE β Glucose 1-4 and 1-6 What is polymerisation? What is a monomer?

O OH Forming polysaccharides C C C CO C H OH H H CH 2 OH H H C C C CO C H OH H H CH 2 OH H H O HH In this example, 3 condensation reactions have produced 3 water molecules to produce the polysaccharide. O HH C C C CO C H OH H H CH 2 OH H H C C C CO C H OH H H CH 2 OH H H OH Glucose O O HH O A HYDROLYSIS reaction (addition of water) reverses the reaction and splits the polysaccharide releasing 3 monosaccharide molecules.

You can give this question a go, in order to prove your understanding: