PRINCIPLE & CONSTRUCTION OF HYDRAULIC PUMPS

HYDRAULIC PUMPS PRINCIPLE CHARACTERISTICS TYPES OF PUMPS COMPARISON OF PUMPS TROUBLE SHOOTING

PUMP - PRINCIPLE THE PRINCIPLE OF A HYDRAULIC PUMP IS TO CONVERT MECHANICAL ENERGY INTO HYDRAULIC ENERGY. THIS IS ACHIEVED BY GENERATING AN INCREASED VOLUME DURING INTAKE AND DECREASED VOLUME ON THE DELIVERY SIDE.

PUMP - PRINCIPLE Contd. VACUUM IS CREATED PISTON MOVES OUT EXPANDING THE SPACE IN PUMPING CHAMBER ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE

PUMP CHARACTERISTICS PRESSURE RATING VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY NOISE LEVEL FLOW RATING PRESSURE RATING VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY NOISE LEVEL CONTAMINATION LEVEL ALLOWED

TYPES OF PUMPS NON POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS GEAR PUMP VANE PUMP ROTARY AXIAL PISTON PUMP RADIAL PISTON RECIPROCATORY POSITIVE

NON POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS EYE INLET OUTLET DIFFUSER OUTLET IMPELLER BLADES CENTRIFUGAL ( IMPELLER ) TYPES IMPELLER PROPELLER AXIAL (PROPELLER ) TYPE INLET

SINGLE VANE PUMP To do this, flopping of the cam ring has to be done around the vertical axis. The vanes must also be repositioned in their slots so that their “leading edges” follow the direction of rotation.

SINGLE VANE PUMP SIDE PLATE DISCHARGE PORT DELIVERY VANE CAM RING SHAFT PRESSURE PLATE ROTOR SUCTION SUCTION PORT BOLT Graphical Symbol

CARTRIDGE SIDE PLATE PRESSURE PLATE CAM RING BOLT LOCATING PIN

VARIATION IN VANE PUMP DISPLACEMENT ROTOR CAMRING “THROW” WIDTH

BALANCED VANE PUMP OUTLET ROTATION ROTATION INLET CAMRING VANE INLET ROTOR INLET DRIVE SHAFT

VANE PUMP - TYPICAL PUMP CHARACTERISTICS 35 140 210 175 105 70 10 30 20 kW HP Input Power Output Flow L/min 75 40 50 60 1200 r/min 1000 r/min 1500 r/min 1800 r/min Pressure Kgf / Cm2

VANE PUMP - TYPICAL PUMP CHARACTERISTICS NOISE LEVEL Noise Level [One metre (3.3 ft.) horizontally away from pump head cover] 1200 r/min 1000 r/min 35 140 210 175 105 70 Noise Level 60 55 50 45 65 dB(A) Pressure PV2R2-41 Kgf / Cm2

DOUBLE VANE PUMP SUCTION DELIVERY DELIVERY CARTRIDGE - 1 CARTRIDGE - 2 Graphic Symbol

EXTERNAL GEAR PUMP OUTLET DRIVEN GEAR DRIVE GEAR INLET

EXTERNAL GEAR PUMP OUTLET INLET

LOBE PUMP

INTERNAL GEAR PUMP

SINGLE PUMPS ROTOR VANE CAM RING DISCHARGE PORT WAVE WASHER SHAFT PROPORTIONAL PRESSURE REDUCING VALVE DISCHARGE PORT WAVE WASHER SHAFT PRESSURE PLATE SUCTION PORT SIDE PLATE Graphical Symbol

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT VANE PUMPS SIDE PLATE PORT PLATE RING THRUST BLOCK PRESSURE ADJ. SCREW ROTOR-SHAFT Graphical Symbol FLOW ADJ. SCREW GOVERNOR PISTON DISCHARGE PORT SUCTION PORT DRAIN PORT

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT VANE PUMPS F p = Force Acting on Camring due to System Pressure F S = Force due to Spring. F t = Force acting on Thrust Block. F p` = Force acting on Shaft Bearing. Q Change in set Pressure PRESSURE ADJUSTMENT SCREW L VOLUME ADJUSTMENT SCREW Q Characteristics Q P Change in set Volume e ECCENTRICITY OF RING P Eccentricity ( Max. ) Eccentricity ( Max. )

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PISTON PUMPS SPOOL FILLING PORT PLUG DRAIN PORT PRESSURE ADJ. SCREW CONTROL PISTON FLOW ADJ. SCREW PIVOT SHAFT DISCHARGE PORT Graphical Symbol SUCTION PORT YOKE PISTON ASSEMBLY SWASH PLATE CYLINDER BLOCK

CYLINDER BLOCK ASSEMBLY PIVOT WASHER SLIPPER RETAINER CYLINDER BLOCK PISTON ASSEMBLY WASHER PIN (3 pcs.) SPRING WASHER RETAINING RING

CYLINDER BLOCK ASSEMBLY PORT PLATE

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PISTON PUMPS ( AT FULL CUT - OFF ) PRESSURE COMPENSATOR TYPE .

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PISTON PUMPS PRESSURE COMPENSATOR CONTROL SPOOL OPERATING PISTON PRESSURE ADJUSTMENT SCREW YOKE INLET Discharge Cycle DELIVERY ADJUSTMENT SCREW OUT Suction Cycle IN OUTLET Section A-A

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PISTON PUMPS PRESSURE COMPENSATOR CONTROL OPERATING PISTON A INLET Discharge Cycle OUT Suction Cycle IN A OUTLET Section A-A

VARIATION IN PUMP DISPLACEMENT NO STROKE STROKE LENGTH STROKE LENGTH MAXIMUM SWASH PLATE ANGLE ( MAXIMUM DISPLACEMENT ) DECREASED SWASH PLATE ANGLE ( PARTIAL DISPLACEMENT ) ZERO SWASH PLATE ANGLE ( ZERO DISPLACEMENT )

SWASH PLATE CAUSES PISTON TO RECIPROCATE VALVE PLATE SLOT PISTON SUB-ASSEMBLY OUTLET PORT DRIVE SHAFT INLET PORT SWASH PLATE SHOE PLATE CYLINDER BLOCK BORE

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PISTON PUMP - TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Performance Characteristic Curve % N=1500 r/min 100 Volumetric Efficiency Overall Efficiency Efficiency 80 L/min 60 30 HP 12 kW Output Flow 8 20 10 Output Flow 8 6 Input Power Input Power 6 4 10 4 2 2 40 80 120 160 Kgf/Cm2 Pressure

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PISTON PUMP - TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS kW 12 10 4 2 6 8 Input Power HP 5 15 25 L/min Output Flow 20 30 N=1500 r/min P= 140 120 100 80 60 40 7 P=Kgf / Cm2 Full Cut-off Power HP kW 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.0 Full Cut-off Power 1.0 1800 r/min 0.5 0.5 1500 r/min 40 80 120 160 Kg / Cm2 Full Cut-off Pressure

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PISTON PUMP - TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Noise Level [One metre (3.3 ft.) horizontally away from pump head cover] Drain L/min Full Cut-off Full Flow Pressure 80 40 160 120 dB(A) 50 60 70 Noise Level N=1500 r/min Kgf / Cm2 2.0 N=1800 r/min 1.5 Drain Full Cut-off 1.0 N=1500 r/min 0.5 1500,1800 r/min Full Flow 40 80 120 160 Pressure Kgf / Cm2

BENT AXIS PISTON PUMP PISTON ROD UNIVERSAL LINK PISTON CYLINDER BLOCK TO OUTLET FROM INLET

COMPARISON OF HYDRAULIC PUMPS TYPE VANE PUMP GEAR PUMP PISTON PUMP Working Principle Varying Volume between the Vane & Camring Shifting surrounded by gear grooves & casing. Volume by reciprocating Pistons. Average Efficiency High Low except for pressure loading type. Highest among three types. Wear & Does not decrease since wearing of camring or vane can be compensated Decreases with Wear

COMPARISON OF HYDRAULIC PUMPS

COMPARISON OF HYDRAULIC PUMPS

COMPARISON OF HYDRAULIC PUMPS

COMPARISON OF HYDRAULIC PUMPS TYPE PRESSURE DISCHARGE MAX. SPEED OVERALL EFFICIENCY (Kgf/Cm 2 ) ( L / min ) ( rpm ) ( % ) GEAR PUMP 20 ~ 210 7 ~ 570 1800~7000 75 ~ 90 VANE PUMP 2 ~ 950 2000~4000 AXIAL PISTON PUMP 70 ~ 350 2 ~ 1700 600 ~ 6000 85 ~ 95 RADIAL 50 ~ 250 20 ~ 700 700 ~ 1800 80 ~ 92

TROUBLE SHOOTING