Conceptual Mapping Enhancing Design Ideation CONCEPTUAL MAPPING IN THE DESIGN of VIRTUAL ARCHITECTURE PL A C E S I N C Y B E R S P A C E RIVKA OXMAN TECHNION ISRAEL CASA Symposium - London

introduction PART I

CONCEPTUALIZING A NEW DESIGN DOMAIN AN APPROACH TO DESIGN IDEATION CONCEPT MAPPING A NETWORK OF CONCEPTUAL ASSOCIATIONS IN DESIGN THE VIRTUAL AS A DESIGN PROBLEM introduction 1

CONCEPTUALIZING A NEW DESIGN DOMAIN AN APPROACH TO DESIGN IDEATION CONCEPT MAPPING A NETWORK OF CONCEPTUAL ASSOCIATIONS IN DESIGN THE VIRTUAL AS A DESIGN PROBLEM 2

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CONCEPTUALIZING A NEW DESIGN DOMAIN AN APPROACH TO KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION CONCEPT MAPPING A NETWORK OF CONCEPTUAL ASSOCIATIONS IN DESIGN THE VIRTUAL AS A DESIGN PROBLEM 6

1 PROBLEM - CONCEPTUALIZING A NEW DESIGN DOMAIN LACK OF A THEORETICAL BASIS LACK OF CANONICAL EXAMPLES USE OF PRECEDENTS ANALYSIS INTRODUCTION

2 AN APPROACH TO DESIGN IDEATION MAPPING OF CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DESIGN DOMAIN A MEDIUM FOR DESIGN IDEATION SEEKING STRUCTURED MAPPING OF THE KNOWLEDGE DOMAIN INTRODUCTION

3 CONCEPT MAPPING CONCEPT MAP REPRESENTS THE ORGANIZATION OF CONCEPTS A SEMANTIC NETWORK STRUCTURE OF NODES AND LINKS TOWARDS A COMPREHENSIVE STRUCTURE OF KNOWLEDGE INTRODUCTION

4 A NETWORK OF CONCEPTUAL ASSOCIATIONS IN DESIGN ASSOCIATIONAL NETWORK OF DESIGN IDEAS A COGNITIVE STRUCTURE OF KNOWLEDGE INTRODUCTION

5 RESEARCH-ORIENTED DESIGN EDUCATION DESIGN RESEARCH AS DESIGN EDUCATION KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION AS A LEARNING PROCESS THE COLLABORATIVE ACQUISITION OF KNOWLEDGE INTRODUCTION

6 THE VIRTUAL AS A DESIGN PROBLEM VIRTUAL AND REAL – THE CONCEPT OF VERISIMILITUDE VIRTUAL SPACE VS VIRTUAL PLACE VIRTUAL ARCHITECTURE INTRODUCTION

theory and method PART II

conceptualizing a new design domain DESIGNING VIRTUAL ARCHITECTURE PL A C E S I N C Y B E R S P A C E VIRTUAL DESIGN CONSTITUTES A NEW CLASS OF DESIGN THOUGH WE ALREADY HAVE EXPERIENCE WITH VIRTUAL ARCHITECTURAL AND PLACE METAPHORS SUCH AS VIRTUAL MUSEUMS, VIRTUAL SHOPS. ETC., THERE IS NO YET A THEORETICAL BASIS FOR THE DESIGN OF VIRTUAL ARCHITECTURE PART II – THEORY AND METHOD

conceptualizing a new design domain DESIGNING VIRTUAL ARCHITECTURE PL A C E S I N C Y B E R S P A C E CURRENT APPLICATIONS OF VIRTUAL BUILDINGS ARE BASED ON “INFORMATION ENVIRONMENTS” RATHER THEN ARCHITECTURAL EXPERIENCE OF PLACE AND PRESENCE HOW TO CONCEPTUALIZE A NEW DESIGN DOMAIN? PART II – THEORY AND METHOD

method DESIGNING VIRTUAL ARCHITECTURE PL A C E S I N C Y B E R S P A C E MAKING A CONCEPTUAL MAPPING OF ONE CLASS OF VIRTUAL DESIGN IN CYBERSPACE EMPLOYING THE ICF FORMALISM IN MAKING THE SURVEY, ANALYSIS AND CATEGORIZATION OF RELEVANT PRECEDENTS PART II – THEORY AND METHOD

the “Issue Concept Form” model ICF – A VISUAL-TEXTUAL ASSOCIATIONAL FORMALISN IN DESIGN THE ICF FORMALISM REPRESENTS CHUNKS OF CASE KNOWLEDGE IN DESIGN PRECEDENTS. IT PROVIDES EXPLICIT LINKAGES BETWEEN THE ISSUE OF A DESIGN PROBLEM, A PARTICULAR SOLUTION CONCEPT AND A RELATED FORM DESCRIPTION PART II – THEORY AND METHOD

issue concept forms precedent forms “Issue Concept Form” CONSTRUCTION OF AN ICF CONCEPTUAL MAP NETWORK EXPLORATION PROCESS AS DESIGN IDEATION AMONG MULTIPLE PRECEDENTS

selection of relevant precedents PRECEDENTS ARE SELECTED FOR THE SIGNIFICANT IDEAS THEY PRESENT RELATIVE TO THE CONCEPTUALIZATION OF THE DOMAIN THE ASSOCIATIONAL METHOD IS APPLIED TO AN ANLYSIS OF PRECEDENTS FOLLOWING IS A SELECTION OF THE CASE STUDIES PART II – THEORY AND METHOD Guggenheim Virtual Museum Van Gogh Virtual Museum NY Virtual Stock Exchange

Guggenheim Virtual Museum A S Y M P T O T E

Van Gogh Virtual Museum N E W V A N G O G H ‘ S V A N G O G H S

NY Virtual Stock Exchange A S Y M P T O T E

implementation PART III

model of the ideation process construction through the analysis of precedents spatial settings social settings containing a cyber theater and other amenities Guggenheim Virtual Museum Van Gogh Virtual Museum avatars social awareness of other people in space settings for complex events social interaction

ICF - ISSUES P L A C E S I N C Y B E R S P A C E

ISSUE 1 spatial settings RELATED CONCEPTS EXPLANATIONS architecture of liquidity, flux, and mutabilityrchitecture of liquidity, flux, and mutability perceiving a space abstracted Realitybstracted Reality dialectic of the real and the virtualialectic of the real and the virtual

ISSUE 2 social settings RELATED CONCEPTS EXPLANATIONS social interaction with peopleocial interaction with people social presence social awareness:ocial awareness: traces of other people ’ s presence

ISSUE 3 functional settings RELATED CONCEPTS EXPLANATIONS sense of control personalization adaptation to specific needs interaction with objectsnteraction with objects adaptation

ISSUE 4 cultural settings RELATED CONCEPTS EXPLANATIONS settings for complex eventsettings for complex events richness of events variety of individual and social experiences

ISSUE 5 temporal settings RELATED CONCEPTS EXPLANATIONS navigation in conceptual space navigation related to events in different places, spaces and time

ICF-CONCEPTS P L A C E S I N C Y B E R - S P A C E

CONCEPT 1 architecture of liquidity, flux, and mutability PRECEDENTSEXPLANATIONSRELATED ISSUES Guggenheim Virtual Museum architecture that breathes, pulses and leaps mediated spatial experience form is contingent on the interest of the beholder spatial settings

CONCEPT 2 dialectic of the real and the virtual FORMSEXPLANATIONSRELATED ISSUES borrowing metaphors from precedents GVM atriumspatial settings

CONCEPT 3 social interaction with people FORMSEXPLANATIONSRELATED ISSUES interacting with others through text or audio chat Social settings

CONCEPT 4 social awareness: traces of other people ’ s presence FORMSEXPLANATIONSRELATED ISSUES avatar technology: navigating in space with other people represented by an arrow being aware of their presence and traces social settings

CONCEPT 5 interaction with objects FORMSEXPLANATIONSRELATED ISSUES interacting with site- map to assist in spatial navigation functional settings

CONCEPT 6 settings for complex events FORMSEXPLANATIONSRELATED ISSUES the venues area provides access to Guggenheim Museums as well as containing a cyber theater and other amenities social settings

CONCEPT 7 *** navigation in information Space FORMSEXPLANATIONSRELATED ISSUES architecture of Information (Information Visualization) spatial settings NY Stock Exchange

CONCEPT 8 navigation in conceptual space FORMSEXPLANATIONSRELATED ISSUES new kinds of relations between time and place temporal settings Van Gogh Virtual Museum

CONCEPT 9 abstracted reality FORMSEXPLANATIONSRELATED ISSUES no attempt to imitate ‘perfect’ reality spatial settings NY Stock Exchange

ICF-FORMS P L A C E S I N C Y B E R S P A C E

FORMS IN A VIRTUAL PRECEDENT: Guggenheim Virtual Museum FORMSDESCRIPTION RELATED CONCEPTS the atrium reference to Frank Lloyd Wright the venues area provides an access to Guggenheim museums around the world the galleries area contains space for on-line exhibitions and artists’ projects dialectic of the real and the virtual geographical location settings for complex events

FORMS IN A VIRTUAL PRECEDENT: New York Virtual Stock Exchange FORMS`DESCRIPTION RELATED CONCEPTS dialectic of the real and the virtual geographical location settings for complex events

FORMS IN A VIRTUAL PRECEDENT: Van Gogh Virtual Museum FORMSDESCRIPTION RELATED CONCEPTS virtual re- interpretation of real Van Gogh painting exploring the exhibit with the other visitors and interact with them through text or audio chat navigating from the domestic hall space into a mental space of a painting dialectic of the real and the virtual social awareness of other people navigating in conceptual spaces

FORMS IN A VIRTUAL PRECEDENT: Van Gogh Virtual museum FORMSDESCRIPTION RELATED CONCEPTS interacting with a site map to assist in navigation avatar technology: navigating in space Being aware of their presence and traces interaction with an object social awareness of other people navigating in conceptual spaces

FORMS IN A VIRTUAL PRECEDENT: Van Gogh Virtual museum FORMSDESCRIPTION RELATED CONCEPTS the virtual painting in the phisycal representation of the room degrees representation dialectic of the real and the virtual

model of the ideation process construction through the analysis of precedents spatial settings social settings containing a cyber theater and other amenities Guggenheim Virtual Museum Van Gogh Virtual Museum avatars social awareness of other people in space settings for complex events social interaction

conclusions PART IV

CONCEPTUALIZING A NEW DESIGN DOMAIN THROUGH IDEATION EXPLOITATION OF A COMPUTATIONAL FORMALISM WHICH SUPPORTS THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FORM AND INTELLECTUAL CONTENT OF DESIGN EXEMPLIFIES AN APPROACH TO PRECEDENTS WHICH EMPHASIZES THE CONCEPTUAL CONTENT RATHER THAN SIMPLY THE FORMS DISCOVERING THE NEW WORLD OF VIRTUAL DESIGN