oRH33pTXwKQwww.youtube.com/watch?v= oRH33pTXwKQ

YALTA CONFERENCE The Big Three of WWII decided that Germany should be divided into zones and later reunited into one government.

GERMANY Germany was split into East & West Germany. Berlin was located inside East Germany.

United Nations Created to help keep the peace and to promote the betterment of humanity Strengths: Weaknesses: * Membership for all nations * No power to enforce decisions * Participation by world powers * Veto power of Sec. Council * No military of its own

IRON CURTAIN

CONTAINMENT policy of keeping communism contained within its present territory through the use of diplomatic, economic, and military actions Marshall Plan $12 billion to aid in the economic recovery of Europe Truman Doctrine $400 million in aid to Greece and Turkey to fight communist rebels

BERLIN AIRLIFT The Soviet Union cut off Berlin from the west. The US and others began an 11month airlift of supplies to the city.

Korea Divided

KOREAN WAR North Korea invaded South Korea. The Security Council of the UN ordered troops to defend the south. The US sent troops. General Douglas MacArthur was commander of UN forces.

China Enters the Korean War US-UN troops pushed North Koreans back over the 38 th Parallel and into North Korea. When Americans reached the border between North Korea and China, the Chinese attacked, pushing the Americans back into South Korea. “War” ended with a truce – still in force. Korea remains divided at the 38 th Parallel.

The Shifting Map of Korea [ ]

McCarthyism: “Witch Hunt” led by Senator Joseph McCarthy Convinced communists had infiltrated the US government and the US military. Series of hearings before HUAC of suspected communists

SPUTNIK Sputnik launched Americans alarmed New requirements in math and science

Cuban Revolution 1959 Fidel Castro led a revolution against the dictatorship led by Batista who was supported by the US. In its place, he set up a communist dictatorship.

U-2 INCIDENT Francis Gary Powers was shot down over the Soviet Union. Eisenhower claimed it was a weather plane. The US was embarrassed to be caught spying.

BAY OF PIGS Cuban exiles were trained by the CIA to invade Cuba and overthrow Castro. It was a disaster. Kennedy never forgot the embarrassment.

BERLIN WALL In response to the Bay of Pigs, the Berlin Wall was built.

CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS Missile sites were photographed in Cuba.

KENNEDY AND KHRUSCHEV STRUGGLE OVER CUBA What do the buttons represent? What is meant by the finger placed just above the button? What are they sitting on?

Vietnam War Vietnam = Part of French colonial empire US first got involved helping the French put down rebellion Vietnam was divided into North (communist) Vietnam and South (non- communist) Vietnam

Vietnam War Grew out of efforts by North Vietnam to gain control of South Vietnam North Vietnamese Leader Ho Chi Minh US supported South Vietnam as part of its containment policy and the domino theory. Viet Cong – Vietnamese Communists Ngo Dien Diem – harsh leader of South Vietnam

Vietnam War Buddhist monks set themselves on fire in protest Madame Diem mocks “barbecue shows” Coup overthrows Diem (US does not interfere) Gulf of Tonkin incident Gulf of Tonkin Resolution Operation Rolling Thunder :// NZr0CP88

Tet Offensive Turning Point in Vietnam War 1968 Viet Cong and N Vietnamese campaign to drive Americans out Lasted 8 months Ultimately failed to achieve its goal but did lead many people in the US to question our presence in Vietnam. Led to strong anti-war movement in US

War Escalates LBJ increases troop levels, launches major ground attacks More protests LBJ decides not to run for re-election 1968 My Lai Massacre news reaches US Nixon begins Vietnamization Nixon begins bombing Cambodia

End of Cold War Michael Gorbachev Ronald Reagan 1991