5.1 Our Water Resources Mrs. Trimble Mrs. Perryman Mrs. Roth

US Water Usage Agriculture 41% Agriculture 41% Electric generation/cooling 38% Electric generation/cooling 38% Industry 11% Industry 11% Public tap water 10% Public tap water 10%

Chicago Metropolitan Area Water sources Lake Michigan 77% Lake Michigan 77% Ground Water 19% Ground Water 19% Inland Surface Water ( Fox and Kankakee Rivers) 4% Inland Surface Water ( Fox and Kankakee Rivers) 4%

Earth’s Water Distribution

Surface Water Freshwater that is above ground Freshwater that is above ground

Watershed Watershed- the entire land area that is drained by a river Watershed- the entire land area that is drained by a river

Rivers of Controversy California and Arizona have been fighting over the Colorado Rivers for a long time. California and Arizona have been fighting over the Colorado Rivers for a long time. 40% of the world’s people rely on water that originates in another country. Upstream- downstream water rights 40% of the world’s people rely on water that originates in another country. Upstream- downstream water rights Turkey has been building a series of dams that greatly reduce the amount of water that drains into Syria and Iraq Turkey has been building a series of dams that greatly reduce the amount of water that drains into Syria and Iraq

Dams A structure built across a river or stream that restricts water flow. A structure built across a river or stream that restricts water flow. Sometimes this is done to collect water in one area (create a reservoir) and sometimes this is done to generate electricity Sometimes this is done to collect water in one area (create a reservoir) and sometimes this is done to generate electricity

Groundwater Groundwater is water that seeps underground Groundwater is water that seeps underground

Other Groundwater terms Aquifer- large amounts of groundwater trapped between layers of rock. Aquifer- large amounts of groundwater trapped between layers of rock. Recharge Zone- area of land from which the groundwater originates Recharge Zone- area of land from which the groundwater originates

Solutions for water shortage Towing Water Towing Water Water Conservation Water Conservation Desalinization- removal of salt from ocean water in an effort to create freshwater Desalinization- removal of salt from ocean water in an effort to create freshwater –Distillation (heat is used to force evaporation) –Reverse Osmosis (pressure is used to push the water through a semi-permeable membrane)

Water Conservation Low-flow Technology Low-flow Technology Permeable Concrete/ allow for groundwater to be recharged Permeable Concrete/ allow for groundwater to be recharged Shorter showers/ avoid baths Shorter showers/ avoid baths Don’t allow water to run/ fill up the sink when washing dishes or your face Don’t allow water to run/ fill up the sink when washing dishes or your face Don’t water your lawn or install landscaping that requires little water Don’t water your lawn or install landscaping that requires little water