Chapter 26 – Section 4

 Women’s Rights Movement

Background  The Women's Rights Movement of the 1960s was a second wave of activism.  The women's movement of the 1960s drew inspiration from the civil rights movement  It was made up of members of the middle class Martin Luther King Jr. giving his "I Have A Dream“, 1963

National Organization for Women (NOW)  Founded in  Founded by a group of people, including Betty Friedan, and Rev. Pauli Murray.  The first African- American woman Episcopal priest.  Betty Friedan became the organization's first president.

NOW (con’t.)  The goal of NOW is to bring about equality for all women.  They campaigned to gain passage of the ERA amendment at the state level.  Issues NOW deals with:  works to eliminate discrimination and harassment in the workplace, schools, and the justice system.  end all forms of violence against women  eradicate racism, and sexism  promote equality and justice in society.

Betty Friedan  Wrote the book, Feminine Mystique in  In her book, she depicted the roles of women in industrial societies.  She focused most of her attention on the housewife role of women.  She referred to the problem of gender roles as "the problem without a name".  The book became a bestseller and was the cause for the second wave of feminism in the 60s. Feb. 4th, Feb. 4th, 2006

 The problem that has no name–which is simply the fact that American women are kept from growing to their full human capacities–is taking a far greater toll on the physical and mental health of our country than any known disease. -- Betty Friedan

Shirley Chisholm  In 1968 Shirley Chisholm of New York was the first black woman elected to the House of Representatives. November 30, 1924 to January 1, 2005

  President Kennedy established the first national Commission on the Status of Women in  In 1963 the commission issued a report detailing employment discrimination, unequal pay, legal inequality, and insufficient support services for working women. First national Commission on the Status of Women

  It is the first federal law prohibiting sexual discrimination.  In 1963 the average female worker’s wages in the United States were equivalent to 58.9 % of the average male worker’s earnings.  It abolished wage differences based on sex.  “No employer having employees subject to any provisions of this section [section 206 of title 29 of the United States Code] shall discriminate, within any establishment in which such employees are employed, between employees on the basis of sex by paying wages to employees in such establishment at a rate less than the rate at which he pays wages to employees of the opposite sex in such establishment for equal work on jobs…” -- Equal Pay Act Equal Pay Act 1963

The Civil Rights Act of 1964  Passed in  It banned discrimination on the basis of color, race, national origin, religion, or sex.  Section VII set up the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) to enforce the act.

  It was signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson on September 24 th, 1965  It prohibited bias against women in hiring by federal government contractors.  “…Prohibits federal contractors and federally assisted construction contractors and subcontractors, who do over $10,000 in Government business in one year from discriminating in employment decisions on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin." Presidential Executive Order 11246

  At the same time blacks were working toward civil rights, Mexican Americans fought for rights too  1948 Mexican American veterans of WWII formed the American GI Forum that fought against discrimination  In the same year as Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Mexican Americans won a victory in Hernández v. Texas which made it illegal to exclude Mexican Americans from juries Civil Rights for Mexican Americans experience/105062/images/Mezzanine_067.jpg.fit.344x192.jpg

  1966 – Chávez helped to form the United Farm Workers Union to win higher wages and better working conditions for migrant workers of America  Like MLK Chávez was for nonviolent protest  Boycott of California grapes led to a 1970 agreement of growers to recognize the UFW  1975 – voting rights expanded to accommodate areas with large numbers of foreign speaking people to have bilingual elections  This was extended to public schools too Chávez and the UFW 8_p0_v1_s260x420.JPG

  Native Americans formed the American Indian Movement (AIM) in the 1960’s to regain land, mineral, and water rights from the past  Older Americans over 65 were having trouble paying for health care and insurance so the American Association of Retired People (AARP) was formed  Maggie Kuhn helped form the Gray Panthers to fight against mandatory retirement for people over 65  Americans with disabilities fought to get reserved parking, ramped entrances, wheelchair lifts on busses, and Braille buttons on elevators  The Education for Handicapped Act of 1975 give free education for all children with disabilities Organizing for Change wp- content/uploads/2011/11/ a merican-indian-movement-png.png aggie_Kuhn.jpg content/dquploads/accessible.jpg

  "1960s." Women of the Century Discovery Channel. 1 June  Bachir, John J. Betty Friedan JJB Blog. 4 June  "Betty Friedan." Women of the Hall National Women's Hall of Fame. 4 June  Chapin. "Two's Company, Three's a Crowd." Cartoon. Literary Digest. 6 June  "Chisholm, Shirley Anita." Biographical Directory of the United States Congress June  Eisenberg, Bonnie, and Mary Ruthsdotter. "Living the Legacy: the Women's Rights Movement " Women's Rights Movement June Works Cited

  "Equal Rights Amendment." National Organization of Women NOW. 19 May  "NOW." National Organization for Women. 4 June  "The Equal Pay Act of 1963." Essortment June  Tranter, John. Mother, NéE Anne Katherine Brown, Circa Australia. JohnTrater.com. 31 May  "Women’S Rights." Encarta MSN. 1 June Works Cited Cont