Culture

What is culture? Culture consists of all the shared values, beliefs and practices of human groups

Material Culture The physical objects that people create and use Examples: Automobiles Books Buildings Clothing Cooking utensils

Non material culture Abstract human creations Examples: Beliefs Ideas Languages Political & Economic systems Rules Work practices Non material culture

Many people will use culture & society interchangeably Society: a group of people who have organized and share a common culture and feeling of unity

Society vs. Culture Culture represents beliefs and practices of a group of people Society represents the people that make up those groups Can’t have one without the other – although different A number of different types of Culture together make up a Society

components of culture

Knowledge and tools people use for practical purposes Technology

Anything that represents something else and has a shared meaning attached to it Symbols

Organization of written or spoken symbols into a standardized system 標準化されたシステムへの書かれていたか、または話されていた記号の構成。 Η οργάνωση των γραπτών ή προφορικών συμβόλων σε ένα τυποποιημένο σύστημα. Organisationen av skriftliga eller talade symboler in i ett standardiserat system. Language

Shared beliefs about what is good or bad, right or wrong, desirable or undesirable Values

Shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations. Norms

Folkways Mores Laws Taboos 4 Main Types of Norms

Norms that describe socially acceptable behavior but do not have great moral significance attached to them Examples: Shaking someone’s hand you just met Not burping at the dinner table Folkways

Have great moral significance attached to them – not necessarily against the law though Examples: Religious doctrines like premarital sex Lying Cheating on someone Mores

Laws Written rules of conduct enacted and enforced by the government Examples: Laws

Norm held by a society or culture so strongly that a violation typically results in extreme disgust Examples: Racist comments Child Abuse Eating Pork in Muslim countries Taboos