Introduction to Computer Networks Dr. Sanjay P. Ahuja, Ph.D. 2010-14 FIS Distinguished Professor of Computer Science School of Computing, UNF.

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to Computer Networks Dr. Sanjay P. Ahuja, Ph.D FIS Distinguished Professor of Computer Science School of Computing, UNF

Introduction Computer networks are used to interconnect separate, autonomous computers to be able to exchange information. E.g., the Internet.

Computer Network vs. Distributed System In a distributed system, the existence of multiple autonomous computers is transparent to the user. The distributed system is a special case of a network, one whose software gives it a high degree of transparency.

Why Networks? Resource Sharing Reliability Economics Communication Medium Interactive Entertainment / Online Gaming Social Networks (Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin)

Client – Server Model

Classification of Interconnected Processors By Scale

Network Structure

In any network there is a collection of machines, called hosts, which run user programs (applications). The hosts are connected by the communication subnet or subnet. The subnet (in WANs) consists of channels and switching elements. Channels or links are the transmission lines carrying the actual bits between machines. Switching elements are called Packet Switching Nodes (PSNs) or routers and connect two or more channels. Incoming data is sent on an appropriate outgoing channel by the router or PSN.

Types of Subnets Packet Switched or Store and Forward Subnet A link connects a pair of nodes/routers. WANs have S/F subnets. Generally have irregular topologies.

Types of Subnets Broadcast Subnet Most LANs are of this type. Subnets has only one channel shared by all machines on the network. E,g. of Broadcast Subnets: Bus Topology (IEEE 802.3, i.e. the Ethernet) Ring Topology (IEEE 802.5, i.e. the Token Ring) Satellite or Radio Networks

Wireless Networks There are 3 main categories of wireless networks: System Interconnection Networks (PANs) Wireless LANs Wireless WANs

System Interconnection Network: Personal Area Network

Wireless LANs